运动内衣承托及其动态舒适性能的有限元分析

为对运动内衣的功能性和舒适性进行可量化预测及评估,缩短内衣行业的产品设计开发流程,对人体和运动内衣的动态接触关系建立有限元模型,并研究乳房在运动过程中与运动内衣的复杂相互作用机制。首先通过三维人体扫描获得人体点云数据,运用逆向工程软件进行处理,得到胸部、身体躯干和运动内衣的几何模型。利用过盈配合方法模拟人体穿着运动内衣的预紧力状态,并在重力场中加入三维运动系统捕捉的躯干动态位移作为边界条件来驱动有限元模型,从而模拟人体穿着运动内衣时的乳房运动形态。模拟结果与真实测量值的相对误差为5.15%,验证了此模型的准确性。在此模型的基础上进一步对运动内衣面料的力学属性进行参数化设计,研究了5倍初始弹性模量的运动内衣对乳房的控制性能和动态压力舒适性。结果表明,使用高弹性模量材料的运动内衣虽然能轻微增加对胸部位移的控制效果,但相应增加的人体服装压已经高于人体舒适的服装压力范围。本文提出的研究方法和结果可从功能性和舒适性角度综合指导运动内衣的面料选择,优化运动内衣的设计并缩短开发时间。

特种功能纺织产品的设计评价模型研究

基于对现有纺织产品评价方法的回顾,系统分析了特种功能纺织产品的综合性能构成,解析了产品评价行为的内在结构和数学特征,建立了产品设计评价的数学模型,将其用于医用眼罩材料的研发实践证明本模型对产品的设计评价具有良好的有效性和可操作性.

单层服装间隙量的动态有限元模型构建与仿真

为探究运动状态下服装间隙量的变化情况,提出一种基于有限元软件构建的单层服装间隙量的动态仿真模型,模拟步行时的力学状态与间隙量。首先,基于三维点云数据构建人体与服装的不同组织结构形态的三维模型,利用Instron万能拉伸仪与三维动作捕捉系统获取服装材料参数与人体运动坐标,建立人体单层服装间隙量有限元模型,利用有限元仿真软件进行动态仿真模拟,最后将仿真模拟得到的间隙量与真实运动状态下的间隙量进行对比验证。结果表明:建立的有限元模型可精确描述服装动态间隙量变化,且模拟结果与实验结果的最小平均误差值为0.24 mm,最小相对均方根误差为1.81 mm;对同一运动周期6个时间段下2组数据进行相关性分析,仿真坐标值与真实坐标值在0.01水平(双尾)显著相关,证明了动态有限元仿真的准确性。

Composition and Properties of Thermo-regulated Non-woven Fabrics

A series of non-woven fabrics were fabricated by blending S0- 80wt% of thennoregulated fibres containing n-elcosane, n-nonadecane or n-octadecane with 0 - 40wt% PET fibres and 0- 20wt% PP fibres. The phase change properties, thermal conductivity, thermal resistance, heat flux and inner temperature difference between wool felt and the thermoregulated non-woven fabrics of the non-woven fabrics were measured respectively. The thereto-regulated non-woven fabrics absorb heat at 25- 34℃ and release heat at 10- 25℃. The measured highest enthalpy of the non-woven is approximately 18J/g. During a heating process, heat flux of the non-woven fabrics is composed of three parts, heat absorbed by the cold textile touching the hot plate, heat transmitted from the hot plate to the cold plate, and the heat absorbed by PCM from the hot plate during the phase change process. The measured maximum inner temperature difference in a temperature rising process between the wool felt and the thermo-regulated non-woven fabric is approximately 8℃. The inner temperature difference （Tr-Ts〉0） lasts 16 - 45 min By contrary, the measured maximum inner temperature difference in the temperature decreasing process is approximately - 6. 5℃. The inner temperature difference （Tr-Ts〈0） lasts 16 - 50 min, The temperature regulation properties are obviously observed.

Development of a Three-Dimensional Measuring System for Neonates' Head and Facial Morphology

A web camera based multi-camera convergent close-range photogrammetric system is developed to obtain the neonates＇ head and facial morphology. The data will then be used to develop a secure and good-fitting eye-patch protector for neonates, particularly whoa they are exposed to bright lights such as phototherapy light. Measurements obtained by the system are evaluated and validated against data obtained from optical scanning. Results show that the photogrammetric system meets the requirements of measuring accuracy and safety for neonate in the neonatal units.

Effects of Different Types of Socks on Plantar Pressures,In-shoe Temperature and Humidity in Diabetic Patients

This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of different types of socks for patients with diabetes on reducing in-shoe plantar foot pressure when standing and walking. A total of 5 types of socks,including 3 types of diabetic socks and 2 types of daily /sports socks of various structures are studied. The effects of sock fabrication and design on plantar pressure redistribution that resulting in increasing the underfoot contact area and reducing the risk of pressure ulceration,as well as foot skin temperature and humidity, are examined. The results reveal that regardless of the different knitting structure,thickness and airspace ratio of the sock,both diabetic and daily /sports socks can effectively reduce high plantar pressure on the rear foot,and re-distribute the pressure to other foot regions,like the metatarsal heads. The effects of fabrication and knitting structure on pressure reduction and redistribution are not apparent in this study. However,they have a major impact on the control of foot skin temperature and humidity. The results of the study provide a reference for optimizing the design and functional performance of socks for patients with diabetes.

Evaluation of the Photo-Protection of Eye-Patch Protectors Used in Phototherapy

An evaluation method for the practical photo-protection of eye-patch protectors (EPs) used in phototherapy for neonatal jaundice is developed.The protecting condition of neonatal eyes using EPs under typical phototherapy light is simulated.The simulation system consists of a neonatal head manikin,an International Light ILT 900 wideband rapid portable spectroradiometer,a standard Air Shields Isolette incubator,and a Medela fluorescent phototherapy unit.The results show that the practical protection of neonatal eyes,provided by EPs which are affected by the material characteristic,shape design,and wearing condition,is comprehensively illustrated using the indices of illuminance (Ev in lux unit) and the spectral irradiance (E in μW/(cm2·nm) unit).

Seamless Bra Cup Moulding of Fabric-Foam Laminated Materials

Seamless bra cup moulding is an important manufacturing technique for the apparel industry,and in particular,for bra production.Polyurethane(PU)foams and/or fabric-foam laminated sheets are moulded into a desirable cup shape in order to fit the three-dimensional(3D)breast contour.Such foam cups not only provide a wide range of designs combined with different levels of softness and support,but also reduce production costs with minimum cutting and sewing of seams.In this study,two selected PU foam and fabric materials typically used for bra cup moulding were examined.Their respective performance behaviour in relation to different moulding temperatures and time changes were recorded and analyzed.The results reveal that cup heights are greatly affected by the use of foam and/or fabric-foam laminated materials.High moulding temperatures and/or prolonged dwell time could be required when deforming laminated materials and setting large cup sizes.Nevertheless,cup height cannot be taken as the only criteria to determine the optimal moulding conditions,and this is especially the case for large cup sizes.The design of mould heads is a major factor that affects the dimension changes of foam cups.In this respect,to control the foam moulding process,it is suggested that bra manufacturers examine the fabric/foam material properties to determine the optimal moulding condition,and quantify the shape of foam cups to enhance the design and development process of aluminum mould heads.