Based on the traditional Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) algorithm, the linked-list search algorithm combined with the variable smoothing length and square support domain was put forward to improve the calculati...Based on the traditional Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) algorithm, the linked-list search algorithm combined with the variable smoothing length and square support domain was put forward to improve the calculation efficiency and guarantee the calculation accuracy. The physical process of high velocity fragment impact on a broadside liquid cabin was programmed for simulation. The numerical results agreed well with those of the general software ANSYS AUTODYN, which verifies the effectiveness and feasibility of the numerical method. From the perspective of the outer plate thickness of the liquid cabin, the width of the liquid cabin, and incident angle of the fragment, the influence of these parameters on protective mechanisms was analyzed to provide a basis for protective design of a broadside liquid cabin. Results show that the influence of outer plate thickness is not obvious; therefore, the conventional design can be adopted in the design of the outer plate. The width of the liquid cabin has a great influence on the residual velocity of the fragment and the width of the liquid cabin should be designed to be as wide as possible under the premise of meeting other requirements. There is a certain incident angle in which the velocity attenuation of the fragment is most obvious, and the high-pressure zone near the inner plate is asymmetric. The inner plate of liquid cabin should be strengthened according to the hull form, principal dimensions, and vulnerable points.展开更多
目的：探讨重症监护病房（I C U）患者在院内转运过程中的风险分析及护理对策。方法对中国医科大学附属第四医院2011年1-12月的91例I C U患者院内转运时存在的风险和护理人员采取的相应对策进行分析。结果 ICU患者院内转运检查时医务人...目的：探讨重症监护病房（I C U）患者在院内转运过程中的风险分析及护理对策。方法对中国医科大学附属第四医院2011年1-12月的91例I C U患者院内转运时存在的风险和护理人员采取的相应对策进行分析。结果 ICU患者院内转运检查时医务人员必须充分评估并降低风险因素发生率，预先全面评估患者病情，有专业的抢救和转运技术并配备充分的急救物品，提前与相关检查科室做好沟通与协调，转运与监护同步。结论转运危重患者是一个持续监护、治疗、护理融合于一体的整体过程。同时加强部门间的协作、建立完善的转运规程，采取行之有效的护理措施是确保危重患者院内安全转运的关键。展开更多
With the quasi-static analysis method, the terminal floating state of a damaged ship is usually evaluated for the risk assessment. But this is not enough since the ship has the possibility to lose its stability during...With the quasi-static analysis method, the terminal floating state of a damaged ship is usually evaluated for the risk assessment. But this is not enough since the ship has the possibility to lose its stability during the transient flooding process. Therefore, an enhanced smoothed particle hydrodynamics（SPH） model is applied in this paper to investigate the response of a simplified cabin model under the condition of the transient water flooding. The enhanced SPH model is presented firstly including the governing equations, the diffusive terms, the boundary implementations and then an algorithm regarding the coupling motions of six degrees of freedom（6-DOF） between the structure and the fluid is described. In the numerical results, a non-damaged cabin floating under the rest condition is simulated. It is shown that a stable floating state can be reached and maintained by using the present SPH scheme. After that, three-dimensional（3-D） test cases of the damaged cabin with a hole at different locations are simulated. A series of model tests are also carried out for the validation. Fairly good agreements are achieved between the numerical results and the experimental data. Relevant conclusions are drawn with respect to the mechanism of the responses of the damaged cabin model under water flooding conditions.展开更多
基金supported by the Shanghai Pujiang Program （09PJ1400600） the National Basic Research Program of China （973 Program 2007CB936000）+3 种基金 the Program for Professor of Special Appointment （Eastern Scholar） at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities （For X. C. R. G. and X. S.） the Young Teacher Foundation of Donghua University （2009） supports from Shanghai Natural Science Foundation （10ZR1400800）
基金Supported by the Lloyds Register Educational Trust (the LRET)Key Project of National Natural Science Funds(50939002)the National Natural Science Fundation of China (50809018)
文摘Based on the traditional Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) algorithm, the linked-list search algorithm combined with the variable smoothing length and square support domain was put forward to improve the calculation efficiency and guarantee the calculation accuracy. The physical process of high velocity fragment impact on a broadside liquid cabin was programmed for simulation. The numerical results agreed well with those of the general software ANSYS AUTODYN, which verifies the effectiveness and feasibility of the numerical method. From the perspective of the outer plate thickness of the liquid cabin, the width of the liquid cabin, and incident angle of the fragment, the influence of these parameters on protective mechanisms was analyzed to provide a basis for protective design of a broadside liquid cabin. Results show that the influence of outer plate thickness is not obvious; therefore, the conventional design can be adopted in the design of the outer plate. The width of the liquid cabin has a great influence on the residual velocity of the fragment and the width of the liquid cabin should be designed to be as wide as possible under the premise of meeting other requirements. There is a certain incident angle in which the velocity attenuation of the fragment is most obvious, and the high-pressure zone near the inner plate is asymmetric. The inner plate of liquid cabin should be strengthened according to the hull form, principal dimensions, and vulnerable points.
文摘目的：探讨重症监护病房（I C U）患者在院内转运过程中的风险分析及护理对策。方法对中国医科大学附属第四医院2011年1-12月的91例I C U患者院内转运时存在的风险和护理人员采取的相应对策进行分析。结果 ICU患者院内转运检查时医务人员必须充分评估并降低风险因素发生率，预先全面评估患者病情，有专业的抢救和转运技术并配备充分的急救物品，提前与相关检查科室做好沟通与协调，转运与监护同步。结论转运危重患者是一个持续监护、治疗、护理融合于一体的整体过程。同时加强部门间的协作、建立完善的转运规程，采取行之有效的护理措施是确保危重患者院内安全转运的关键。
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U1430236,51609045)
文摘With the quasi-static analysis method, the terminal floating state of a damaged ship is usually evaluated for the risk assessment. But this is not enough since the ship has the possibility to lose its stability during the transient flooding process. Therefore, an enhanced smoothed particle hydrodynamics（SPH） model is applied in this paper to investigate the response of a simplified cabin model under the condition of the transient water flooding. The enhanced SPH model is presented firstly including the governing equations, the diffusive terms, the boundary implementations and then an algorithm regarding the coupling motions of six degrees of freedom（6-DOF） between the structure and the fluid is described. In the numerical results, a non-damaged cabin floating under the rest condition is simulated. It is shown that a stable floating state can be reached and maintained by using the present SPH scheme. After that, three-dimensional（3-D） test cases of the damaged cabin with a hole at different locations are simulated. A series of model tests are also carried out for the validation. Fairly good agreements are achieved between the numerical results and the experimental data. Relevant conclusions are drawn with respect to the mechanism of the responses of the damaged cabin model under water flooding conditions.
