不同变黄环境烤后烟叶均价及上等烟率变化规律

运用二因素二次回归饱和D-最优设计,研究不同变黄阶段温湿度对烤烟中部叶均价和上等烟率的变化规律。结果表明:变黄阶段不同温湿度组合对均价及上等烟率的影响基本相似,温度对二者的影响大于相对湿度;均价及上等烟率随温度或相对湿度的升高而均呈迅速上升→缓慢上升→缓慢下降→迅速下降的变化趋势,均价的峰值分别出现在38.0℃和87.0%,上等烟率的峰值分别出现在37.6℃和86.5%;此外研究结果还得出:当温度恒定在37.5～38.0℃,相对湿度恒定在85.0%～88.0%,干湿球差为1.5～2.0℃时,均价、上等烟率分别可达到10元/kg和40%以上。

Effects of Planting Density, Duration of Disclosing Plastic Film and Nitrogen Fertilization on the Growth Dynamics of Rapeseed under No-tillage Cultivation

[ Objective] This study was to understend the optimized combination of planting density, duration of disclosing plastic film and nitrogen fertilization under no-tillage cultivation. [ Method] Quadratic polynomial regression and saturated D-optimal design were employed to investigate the effects of planting density, duration of disclosing plastic film and nitrogen fertilization on the dynamics growth of rapeseed under no-tillage cultivation.[ Result] Within the experimental range, the growth dynamics of no-tillage cultivated rapeseed assumed a rise-fall tend. For the effects to the growth dynamics of no-tillage cultivated rapeseed, nitrogen application amount was higher than planting density and duration of disclosing plastic film. The interaction effect between planting density and duration of disclosing plastic film was higher than that between nitrogen application amount and planting density, and between nitrogen application amount and duration of disclosing plastic film. [ Conclusion] The optimized combination of these factors for dynamic growth of rapeseed under no-tillage cultivation was determined to be： planting density of per hectare 154 925 individuals, duration of disclosing plastic film of 110 d, nitrogen application amount of 315 kg/hm^2.

GM(1,1)模型对烟草产量的灰色预测

为了科学规划福建省宁化县烟草种植，运用灰色系统理论对该县1996～2004年烟草产量数据进行分析，建立了灰色系统的预测GM（1，1）模型。运用GM（1，1）模型对全县的烟草产量进行预测，并对预测结果分别进行了残差、关联度和后验差检验。结果表明，预测产量与实际产量大体吻合，二者的平均相对误差为2．28％，关联度为0．91（k=0．5），方差比为0．4，小误差概率为1。经与检验标准对比，显示所建模型精度较高，可用于宁化县烟草产量的短期预测。

成熟期干旱胁迫对烤烟叶绿素含量及相关酶活性的影响

[目的]探明烤烟对成熟期不同程度干旱胁迫的反应性。[方法]在盆栽条件下研究成熟期干旱胁迫对烤烟叶绿素含量、NR活性、CAT活性及POD活性的影响。[结果]结果表明,在成熟期干旱胁迫条件下,叶绿素含量和NR活性都随干旱程度的增加及干旱时间的延长而下降,干旱程度越高,下降越快,干旱时间越长,下降幅度越大;CAT活性和POD活性随干旱程度的增加及干旱时间的延长表现出先升后降的趋势,且干旱程度越高,趋势越明显。[结论]该研究为烤烟抗旱、节水灌溉及提高烟叶的产质量提供了理论依据。

不同密度·揭膜时间和施氮量对免耕油菜生育动态的影响

[目的]寻求油菜大田免耕种植密度、揭膜时间和施氮量的最佳组合。[方法]运用三因素二次回归饱和D-最优设计,探讨密度、揭膜时间和施氮量对免耕油菜生育动态的影响。[结果]在试验范围内,随着密度、揭膜时间和施氮量的递增,免耕油菜生育动态呈先升后降的趋势,施氮量对免耕油菜生育动态的影响大于密度和揭膜时间;密度与揭膜时间互作效应大于施氮量与密度、施氮量与揭膜时间。[结论]免耕油菜生育动态最佳组合为:密度为154 925株/hm2、揭膜时间为110 d、施氮量为315 kg/hm2。