中国儿童青少年血压参照标准的研究制定

Objective To develop a nationally acceptable blood pressure(BP)reference standards for the diagnosis and evaluation of hypertension in children and adolescents in China.Methods The current study was based on the data from eleven large-scale cross-sectional BP surveys in China's Mainland since 2001,the survey sites were representative of national geographical distribution including four municipalities(Beijing,Shanghai,Tianjin,Chongqing)and seven provinces(Hunan,Liaoning,Hebei,Zhejiang,Guangxi,Xinqiang and Guangdong).The surveys which met the following selection criteria were involved to form the reference population sample and pooled database:1)Subjects were Han nationality and their ages were from 3 to 18 years old;2)BP levels were measured by auscultation using standard sphygmomanometer and recorded as Korotkoff phase 1(SBP),Korotkoff phase 4(DBP-K4)and/or Korotkoff phase 5(DBP-K5);3)All surveyors were trained before investigations and standard quality control was implemented throughout the BP measuring process;4)Basic variables,except BPs,were at least included but not limited to age,sex,nationality,height and weight.Totally 112 227 subjects(56 912 males accounting for 50.7%)were enrolled in the reference population sample in this study.SPSS 13.0 software was used to do the descriptive statistical analysis.Centile curves for SBP,DBP-K4 and DBP-K5 were drawn by sex using LMS method.Z scores of Height and BMI were calculated based on the data from the Chinese National Survey on Constitution and Health(CNSCH)in schoolchildren in 2005 to evaluate the nutrition status and development level of the reference population.Results The reference population had an optimal representation of Chinese Han children and adolescents.The resulting curves provided specific cut off points based on age and sex for the diagnosis of high normal BP,hypertension and severe hypertension,respectively.Given the best approach for blood pressure measurement in children and adolescents remained controversial,especially on the choice of K4 or K5 for diastolic blood pressure.So in present study we showed DBP reference standards with K4 and K5,respectively,that is,two sets of SBP/DBP-K4 and SBP/DBP-K5 were developed for the flexible usage in practice.The proposed reference standards of SBP/DBP-K4 were similar to the US fourth report on the diagnosis,evaluation,and treatment of high blood pressure in children and adolescents,with only exception of the age groups of preschool children and late adolescence.Cut off points for hypertension using DBP-K5 were significantly lower than the US standards.Conclusions The proposed reference standards,which were firstly developed based on the most recently pooled national data and in line with the growth and development characteristics of Chinese children and adolescents,should help for the early screening,diagnosis and evaluation of hypertension in children and adolescents,and were also recommended to be used in national comparisons of prevalence of hypertension.

内蒙古2009-2010年10～18岁儿童青少年超重与肥胖状况

2004年WHO定义肥胖为全球范围的流行病，儿童肥胖是21世纪面临的最严峻的公共卫生挑战之一。超重儿童可能成为肥胖的成年人。随着我国经济发展和人民群众生活方式的改变，儿童青少年超重和肥胖呈逐年上升趋势。

内蒙古地区城乡儿童青少年超重与肥胖状况

2004年世界卫生组织（WHO）定义肥胖为全球范围的流行病,儿童肥胖是21世纪面临的最严峻的公共卫生挑战之一。超重儿童可能成为肥胖的成人。随着我国经济发展和人民群众生活方式的改变,儿童青少年超重和肥胖呈逐年上升趋势。儿童青少年期超重与肥胖不仅影响健康成长,而且对其成年后的生理功能也有较大的负面影响，并且是某些成年期疾病如高血压、高脂血症、冠心病、糖尿病等的危险因素。