由于裂缝性油气藏具有突出的资源潜力和经济效益,利用地震方法对裂缝储层进行精细的定量描述逐渐成为勘探地球物理的关键任务之一。为了克服以往数据驱动类反演方法无法直接获得裂缝参数、而基于静态等效介质模型驱动的反演方法无法描...由于裂缝性油气藏具有突出的资源潜力和经济效益,利用地震方法对裂缝储层进行精细的定量描述逐渐成为勘探地球物理的关键任务之一。为了克服以往数据驱动类反演方法无法直接获得裂缝参数、而基于静态等效介质模型驱动的反演方法无法描述孔隙内部结构和流体信息的缺点,笔者提出一种基于动态等效介质模型的储层定量描述新方法。该方法通过频变AVO(amplitude variation with offset)理论建立目标函数并使用全局最优化算法反演裂缝参数。一维和二维模型测试证实,由于充分利用了反射系数频变响应对裂缝密度和时间尺度因子的敏感性,反演方法可以对裂缝储层实现有效描述。展开更多
A key problem in seismic inversion is the identification of the reservoir fluids. Elastic parameters, such as seismic wave velocity and formation density, do not have sufficient sensitivity, thus, the conventional amp...A key problem in seismic inversion is the identification of the reservoir fluids. Elastic parameters, such as seismic wave velocity and formation density, do not have sufficient sensitivity, thus, the conventional amplitude-versus-offset(AVO) method is not applicable. The frequency-dependent AVO method considers the dependency of the seismic amplitude to frequency and uses this dependency to obtain information regarding the fluids in the reservoir fractures. We propose an improved Bayesian inversion method based on the parameterization of the Chapman model. The proposed method is based on 1) inelastic attribute inversion by the FDAVO method and 2) Bayesian statistics for fluid identification. First, we invert the inelastic fracture parameters by formulating an error function, which is used to match observations and model data. Second, we identify fluid types by using a Markov random field a priori model considering data from various sources, such as prestack inversion and well logs. We consider the inelastic parameters to take advantage of the viscosity differences among the different fluids possible. Finally, we use the maximum posteriori probability for obtaining the best lithology/fluid identification results.展开更多
传统的Vivaldi天线具有超宽带优点,但存在定向性较差,且在工作频带的两端增益下降严重的问题。文中提出了一种高增益的Vivaldi天线,通过对传统微带线馈电结构的Vivaldi超宽带天线加载零折射率超常介质和轴向边缘梳状结构的矩形槽缝结构...传统的Vivaldi天线具有超宽带优点,但存在定向性较差,且在工作频带的两端增益下降严重的问题。文中提出了一种高增益的Vivaldi天线,通过对传统微带线馈电结构的Vivaldi超宽带天线加载零折射率超常介质和轴向边缘梳状结构的矩形槽缝结构,提高了天线在整个工作频段内的增益。对所提出的天线进行了设计、优化和仿真分析,并制作天线样品,仿真和测试结果吻合良好。测试与仿真结果表明,在4~11 GHz的工作频段内,天线的回波损耗优于-10 d B;与传统Vivaldi天线相比,在整个工作频段内天线增益均有所提高,其中在工作频率的低端(4~6 GHz)天线增益提高2.5 d B,高端(9~11 GHz)增益提高1.5 d B。展开更多
提出了一种可重构的临近耦合印刷偶极子天线阵。其通过控制每个振子的间距和振子偏移中心馈线的距离实现方向图的改变,提出的可重构天线阵,将形成不同方向图的偶极子天线阵嵌套排布,并通过pin管开关切换不同的偶极子辐射单元组,从而实...提出了一种可重构的临近耦合印刷偶极子天线阵。其通过控制每个振子的间距和振子偏移中心馈线的距离实现方向图的改变,提出的可重构天线阵,将形成不同方向图的偶极子天线阵嵌套排布,并通过pin管开关切换不同的偶极子辐射单元组,从而实现天线方向图的重构,改变天线的最大辐射方向。仿真结果表明在9.8 GHz的中心频点上,该天线可实现最大辐射方向在0°和40°上切换:波束指向为0°方向时,最大增益为12 d Bi;为40°时,最大增益为8.7 d Bi,两种工作状态下天线输入端s11均优于-30 d B,匹配良好。展开更多
文摘由于裂缝性油气藏具有突出的资源潜力和经济效益,利用地震方法对裂缝储层进行精细的定量描述逐渐成为勘探地球物理的关键任务之一。为了克服以往数据驱动类反演方法无法直接获得裂缝参数、而基于静态等效介质模型驱动的反演方法无法描述孔隙内部结构和流体信息的缺点,笔者提出一种基于动态等效介质模型的储层定量描述新方法。该方法通过频变AVO(amplitude variation with offset)理论建立目标函数并使用全局最优化算法反演裂缝参数。一维和二维模型测试证实,由于充分利用了反射系数频变响应对裂缝密度和时间尺度因子的敏感性,反演方法可以对裂缝储层实现有效描述。
基金supported by the 973 Program of China(No.2013CB429805)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41174080)
文摘A key problem in seismic inversion is the identification of the reservoir fluids. Elastic parameters, such as seismic wave velocity and formation density, do not have sufficient sensitivity, thus, the conventional amplitude-versus-offset(AVO) method is not applicable. The frequency-dependent AVO method considers the dependency of the seismic amplitude to frequency and uses this dependency to obtain information regarding the fluids in the reservoir fractures. We propose an improved Bayesian inversion method based on the parameterization of the Chapman model. The proposed method is based on 1) inelastic attribute inversion by the FDAVO method and 2) Bayesian statistics for fluid identification. First, we invert the inelastic fracture parameters by formulating an error function, which is used to match observations and model data. Second, we identify fluid types by using a Markov random field a priori model considering data from various sources, such as prestack inversion and well logs. We consider the inelastic parameters to take advantage of the viscosity differences among the different fluids possible. Finally, we use the maximum posteriori probability for obtaining the best lithology/fluid identification results.
文摘传统的Vivaldi天线具有超宽带优点,但存在定向性较差,且在工作频带的两端增益下降严重的问题。文中提出了一种高增益的Vivaldi天线,通过对传统微带线馈电结构的Vivaldi超宽带天线加载零折射率超常介质和轴向边缘梳状结构的矩形槽缝结构,提高了天线在整个工作频段内的增益。对所提出的天线进行了设计、优化和仿真分析,并制作天线样品,仿真和测试结果吻合良好。测试与仿真结果表明,在4~11 GHz的工作频段内,天线的回波损耗优于-10 d B;与传统Vivaldi天线相比,在整个工作频段内天线增益均有所提高,其中在工作频率的低端(4~6 GHz)天线增益提高2.5 d B,高端(9~11 GHz)增益提高1.5 d B。
文摘提出了一种可重构的临近耦合印刷偶极子天线阵。其通过控制每个振子的间距和振子偏移中心馈线的距离实现方向图的改变,提出的可重构天线阵,将形成不同方向图的偶极子天线阵嵌套排布,并通过pin管开关切换不同的偶极子辐射单元组,从而实现天线方向图的重构,改变天线的最大辐射方向。仿真结果表明在9.8 GHz的中心频点上,该天线可实现最大辐射方向在0°和40°上切换:波束指向为0°方向时,最大增益为12 d Bi;为40°时,最大增益为8.7 d Bi,两种工作状态下天线输入端s11均优于-30 d B,匹配良好。