新工科理念下环境工程专业教育与课程思政协同育人路径研究

新工科理念下,国家对高校环境工程专业的育人质量提出更高要求。将思政元素有机融入环境专业课程教育是引导学生树立正确生态文明理念的重要手段。该文阐述新工科理念下环境工程专业课程思政的意义,通过挖掘课程思政元素,探讨专业教育与课程思政协同育人的有效途径,明确育人目标,优化教学内容,实现专业教育和课程思政有机融合,提高高校立德树人质量,以期培养符合新时代要求、献身美丽中国建设的高层次环保人才。

新工科背景下环境化学课程思政建设探索

新工科背景下,全面推进课程思政建设,将专业知识教育和思想政治教育有机融合,才能满足国家和社会对培养高层次环保专业人才的高要求。本文探讨了新工科背景下环境化学课程融入思政教育的意义,从横向和纵向两个维度深入挖掘课程思政元素,推进课程思政建设,丰富教学内容,优化教学方法,深入贯彻“三位一体”教育理念,帮助学生树立正确的社会主义核心价值观和生态文明理念,培养学生正确认识环境问题、分析问题并解决污染问题的综合能力,为建设美丽中国培育高层次环保人才。

光催化分解水制氢体系助催化剂研究进展

煤、石油、天然气等不可再生能源的消耗导致环境污染日益严重,开发和使用清洁的可再生能源迫在眉睫。利用太阳能光催化分解水制氢被认为是解决化石能源紧缺和环境污染问题的有效途径之一。光催化分解水制氢体系非常复杂,助催化剂是影响催化剂光催化效率的一个关键因素,它的引入可以有效提高催化剂的光催化活性和氢气产生速率,因此,开发廉价高效的助催化剂已逐渐成为本领域的研究热点。本文结合光催化分解水制氢原理,简要介绍了助催化剂的作用,对近年来光催化分解水产氢助催化剂的种类和研究内容进行了总结,分析和讨论了几类重要助催化剂的特点及作用机理,并对助催化剂的发展进行了展望,以期为新型高效光催化制氢材料的设计提供参考。

互联网环境下的商业银行金融创新及变革

互联网环境下商业银行面临新的问题,需要及时创新与改革,推动商业银行可持续发展。文中分析商业银行面临的问题,探讨互联网环境下如何推动商业银行金融创新与变革。

The roles and mechanism of cocatalysts in photocatalytic water splitting to produce hydrogen

Photocatalytic hydrogen(H2)evolution via water spilling over semiconductors has been considered to be one of the most promising strategies for sustainable energy supply in the future to provide non-pollution and renewable energy.The key to efficient conversion of solar-chemical energy is the design of an efficient structure for high charge separation and transportation.Therefore,cocatalysts are necessary in boosting photocatalytic H2 evolution.To date,semiconductor photocatalysts have been modified by various cocatalysts due to the extended light harvest,enhanced charge carrier separation efficiency and improved stability.This review focuses on recent developments of cocatalysts in photocatalytic H2 evolution,the roles and mechanism of the cocatalysts are discussed in detail.The cocatalysts can be divided into the following categories:metal/alloy cocatalysts,metal phosphides cocatalysts,metal oxide/hydroxide cocatalysts,carbon-based cocatalysts,dual cocatalysts,Z-scheme cocatalysts and MOFs cocatalysts.The future research and forecast for photocatalytic hydrogen generation are also suggested.

Synthesis of ternary Ni_(2)P@UiO‐66‐NH_(2)/Zn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S composite materials with significantly improved photocatalytic H_(2)production performance

The design and construction of low‐cost and high‐performance hybrid materials for the photocatalytic hydrogen production reaction(HER)are extremely important for the large‐scale application of hydrogen energy.Metal‐organic frameworks(MOFs)are considered to be potential photocatalytic materials.Herein,monodisperse,small size,non‐precious metal transition metal phosphide Ni2P is encapsulated into a typical MOF(UiO‐66‐NH2)as a hybrid core‐shell cocatalyst to modify Zn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S for photocatalytic hydrogen production.Ni2P is wrapped in UiO‐66‐NH_(2)via an in situ solvothermal method,and Zn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S sulfide is decorated with a core‐shell Ni_(2)P@UiO‐66‐NH_(2)cocatalyst to obtain ternary Ni_(2)P@UiO‐66‐NH_(2)/Zn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S composite materials.Photoelectric and chemical characterization confirms that the ternary composites have good kinetic hydrogen production performance.The hydrogen production rate of 10%10 mg Ni_(2)P@UiO‐66‐NH_(2)/Zn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S reaches 40.91 mmol·g^(–1)·h^(–1)with an apparent quantum efficiency at 420 nm of 13.57%.The addition of 10 mg Ni_(2)P@UiO‐66‐NH_(2)increases the surface area of the ternary material,providing abundant reaction sites and forming an efficient charge transfer channel,which is conducive to efficient hydrogen production by the ternary photocatalysts.It is shown that the formation of a ternary composite system is beneficial to the occurrence of an efficient catalytic reaction.This study provides a new perspective for the construction of high‐performance photocatalytic materials.

Design and applications of hollow‐structured nanomaterials for photocatalytic H2 evolution and CO2 reduction

Photocatalysis is considered a prospective way to alleviate the energy crisis and environmental pollution.It is therefore extremely important to design highly efficient photocatalysts for catalytic systems.In recent years,hollow‐structured materials have attracted considerable interest for application in energy conversion fields owing to their large specific surface areas,improved light absorption,and shortened charge carrier transfer path.Because they contain inner and outer surfaces,hollow‐structured materials can provide a superior platform for the deposition of other components.A number of hollow‐structured hierarchical systems have been designed and fabricated in recent decades.It is important to rationally design and construct complex hierarchical structures.In this review,general preparation approaches for hollow‐structured materials are presented,followed by a summary of the recent synthesis methods and mechanisms of typical hollow‐structured materials for applications in the photocatalytic field.Complex hollow‐structured hierarchical photocatalysts are classified into two types,hollow cocatalyst‐based and hollow host photocatalyst‐based,and the design principle and analysis of the photocatalytic reaction mechanism for photocatalytic H2 evolution and CO_(2) reduction are also introduced.The effects of hollow‐structured materials have also been investigated.This review provides a reference for the rational construction of advanced,highly efficient photocatalytic materials.

河口微塑料对抗生素抗性基因的影响研究进展

河口是河流和海洋环境之间过渡的人类活动频繁和充满活力的地区,人类活动产生的污染物使河口生态系统受到威胁。其中,微塑料和抗生素抗性基因作为新型污染物因对河口生物和人类健康具有潜在影响而受到广泛关注。微塑料可以形成独特的生物膜,吸附周围环境中的污染物,为抗生素抗性基因提供潜在宿主,并促进抗生素抗性基因的水平转移。本文综述了微塑料和抗生素抗性基因在河口地区的污染现状,并重点强调了微塑料上形成的生物膜对抗生素抗性基因的富集、运输和转移产生的影响,提出了现有研究中微塑料采样、分析方法和表述单位不同等不足,并对微塑料的生物降解技术和微塑料的潜在风险评估进行展望。

基于应用型人才培养的《计算机在材料科学中的应用》课程教改与实践探索

在应用型人才培养需要、工程教育认证要求的背景下,材料类专业开设《计算机在材料科学中的应用》课程极其重要。该课程是培养学生具备满足工程教育认证提出的“毕业要求5:使用现代工具”能力的重要支撑课程。本文深入分析了以往本校乃至其他高校开设此门课程在教学实践过程中所存在的问题,作出课程教改与实践探索,通过教改和教学实践探索,设定了课程目标,优化了课程内容,革新了教学实践过程,打造出适合于应用型人才培养、符合工程教育认证要求的《计算机在材料科学中的应用》课程。探索形成的相关结果和规律不仅能够为开设有此门课程的高校提供参考还能为相近课程的教授提供教改借鉴,起到辐射示范作用。Under the background of the need for application-oriented personnel training and the requirements of engineering education certification, it is extremely important for materials majors to offer the course “Application of Computer in Materials Science”. This course is an important supporting course to train students to meet the “graduation requirement 5: Using modern tools” proposed by the Engineering Education certification. This paper makes an in-depth analysis of the problems existing in the teaching practice of this course offered by the university and other universities in the past, and makes curriculum reform and practice exploration. Through the teaching reform and teaching practice exploration, the course objectives are set, the course content is optimized, and the teaching practice process is reformed. The course “Application of Computer in Materials Science”, which is suitable for the training of applied talents and meets the requirements of engineering education certification, has been created. The relevant results and rules formed by the exploration can not only provide reference for the universities offering this course, but also provide teaching reform reference for professors of similar courses, and play a radiation demonstration role.