六倍体小黑麦是普通小麦品种遗传改良的重要基因资源,可以拓宽小麦的遗传基础。本研究以六倍体小黑麦为供体向普通小麦转移黑麦染色质,以探明六倍体小黑麦×六倍体小麦杂交、回交后代的染色体遗传特性,为小黑麦种质材料的后续研究...六倍体小黑麦是普通小麦品种遗传改良的重要基因资源,可以拓宽小麦的遗传基础。本研究以六倍体小黑麦为供体向普通小麦转移黑麦染色质,以探明六倍体小黑麦×六倍体小麦杂交、回交后代的染色体遗传特性,为小黑麦种质材料的后续研究和利用奠定基础。以六倍体小黑麦16引171为母本,六倍体小麦川麦62为父本配制杂交及回交组合,利用非变性荧光原位杂交技术(non-denaturing florescence in situ hybridization,ND-FISH)对F1、BC1F1和BC1F2植株进行细胞学跟踪鉴定。结果表明,杂种F1回交结实率为2.61%;BC1F1植株2R染色体传递频率最高;BC1F2植株中黑麦染色体在后代的传递率为6R>4R>2R,小麦背景中5B-7B相互易位染色体在BC1F2植株中表现出严重偏分离。在BC1F1和BC1F2植株中观察到24种结构变异染色体,包括染色体片段、等臂易位染色体、易位染色体以及双着丝粒染色体,且部分BC1F2植株的种子表现粒长和千粒重均优于六倍体小麦亲本川麦62。因此,在利用六倍体小黑麦作为桥梁向普通小麦导入黑麦遗传物质时,应尽量采取多次回交的方式,使D组染色体迅速恢复,保证后代育性的恢复,同时关注染色体结构变异材料的潜在应用价值。展开更多
[Objective] The study aimed to investigate the utilization value of parent material SW3243 in wheat breeding,and its pedigree was 1426/4/IR68-77/YAA//ALD＇S＇/3/YAZ//ST2022/983.[Method] The selection,agronomic traits,...[Objective] The study aimed to investigate the utilization value of parent material SW3243 in wheat breeding,and its pedigree was 1426/4/IR68-77/YAA//ALD＇S＇/3/YAZ//ST2022/983.[Method] The selection,agronomic traits,some quality-related genetic traits,and the application of 1BL/1RS translocation line in breeding were analyzed.[Result] SW3243 had the following characteristics：the SW3243 was high resistant to stripe rust race CYR29 and CYR30,and did not suppress the performance of resistant genes;SW3243 showed lots of advantages such as dwarf,more spike lets,large spike,high yield potential and early maturity even in late planting;the high molecular weight glutenin subunit（HMW-GS）of SW3243 was composed in the form of 1,7 ＋8,2 ＋12,containing 232 bp fragment of PPO allele;Waxy protein subunit was not lost;its grain contains a small amount late maturing α-amylase;SW3243 contained 1BL/1RS translocation line,but it was significantly different from the tested translocation lines;a large number of new lines had been developed from SW3243 in Sichuan,among them,42 derived lines attended provincial and national yield trial respectively,and seven varieties were released in Sichuan Province and three were released in national level;the planting area of SW3243 and its derived varieties were totally extended to 4.33 million hm2 in Sichuan.[Conclusion] The wheat variety SW3243,which had excellent agronomic traits,was the important parent material for wheat breeding in Sichuan.The research will provide reference for the innovation in germplasm resources and high-yield breeding of wheat.展开更多
文摘六倍体小黑麦是普通小麦品种遗传改良的重要基因资源,可以拓宽小麦的遗传基础。本研究以六倍体小黑麦为供体向普通小麦转移黑麦染色质,以探明六倍体小黑麦×六倍体小麦杂交、回交后代的染色体遗传特性,为小黑麦种质材料的后续研究和利用奠定基础。以六倍体小黑麦16引171为母本,六倍体小麦川麦62为父本配制杂交及回交组合,利用非变性荧光原位杂交技术(non-denaturing florescence in situ hybridization,ND-FISH)对F1、BC1F1和BC1F2植株进行细胞学跟踪鉴定。结果表明,杂种F1回交结实率为2.61%;BC1F1植株2R染色体传递频率最高;BC1F2植株中黑麦染色体在后代的传递率为6R>4R>2R,小麦背景中5B-7B相互易位染色体在BC1F2植株中表现出严重偏分离。在BC1F1和BC1F2植株中观察到24种结构变异染色体,包括染色体片段、等臂易位染色体、易位染色体以及双着丝粒染色体,且部分BC1F2植株的种子表现粒长和千粒重均优于六倍体小麦亲本川麦62。因此,在利用六倍体小黑麦作为桥梁向普通小麦导入黑麦遗传物质时,应尽量采取多次回交的方式,使D组染色体迅速恢复,保证后代育性的恢复,同时关注染色体结构变异材料的潜在应用价值。
基金Supported by International Cooperation Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2007DFA31480)Project of Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province~~
文摘[Objective] The study aimed to investigate the utilization value of parent material SW3243 in wheat breeding,and its pedigree was 1426/4/IR68-77/YAA//ALD＇S＇/3/YAZ//ST2022/983.[Method] The selection,agronomic traits,some quality-related genetic traits,and the application of 1BL/1RS translocation line in breeding were analyzed.[Result] SW3243 had the following characteristics：the SW3243 was high resistant to stripe rust race CYR29 and CYR30,and did not suppress the performance of resistant genes;SW3243 showed lots of advantages such as dwarf,more spike lets,large spike,high yield potential and early maturity even in late planting;the high molecular weight glutenin subunit（HMW-GS）of SW3243 was composed in the form of 1,7 ＋8,2 ＋12,containing 232 bp fragment of PPO allele;Waxy protein subunit was not lost;its grain contains a small amount late maturing α-amylase;SW3243 contained 1BL/1RS translocation line,but it was significantly different from the tested translocation lines;a large number of new lines had been developed from SW3243 in Sichuan,among them,42 derived lines attended provincial and national yield trial respectively,and seven varieties were released in Sichuan Province and three were released in national level;the planting area of SW3243 and its derived varieties were totally extended to 4.33 million hm2 in Sichuan.[Conclusion] The wheat variety SW3243,which had excellent agronomic traits,was the important parent material for wheat breeding in Sichuan.The research will provide reference for the innovation in germplasm resources and high-yield breeding of wheat.
