Polarization data of BH-4 oxidation on Cu anode in alkaline solution were measured at steady state by a self-made experimental cell.The experimental polarization curve showed three regions:the region at lower over-pot...Polarization data of BH-4 oxidation on Cu anode in alkaline solution were measured at steady state by a self-made experimental cell.The experimental polarization curve showed three regions:the region at lower over-potential η(below 0.4 V approximately),the region at higher η(above 0.6 V approximately)and the transitional region at medium η.It was found that the limiting current density is caused by the limiting elemental step rather than the external mass transport.The apparent reaction order with respect to BH-4 changes from 0 to 1.The active energy is about 40 kJ·mol-1 in both regions with lower and higher η,and is higher than 40 kJ·mol-1 in the transitional region.With the experimental temperatures and NaOH concentration,the hydrogen production rates released by the electrode reaction were measured at [BH-4]/[OH-]ratios of 1:40,1:20,1:6.7 and 1:4,which is strongly dependent on the over-potential.The apparent number of released electron n by the reaction was calculated by using the measured amounts of hydrogen and coulomb.Higher value of n was obtained at lower [BH-4]/[OH-]ratio,higher temperature as well as higher over-potential.Under the experimental conditions,the value of n varies from 0 to 7,while in the transitional region it is just in the range of 3 to 5.The experimental results indicate that the limiting current density or n value will increase by virtue of proper experimental conditions.However,to considerably increase the current density at lower over-potential requires a modified anode with higher activity.展开更多
The performance of electrocatalytic oxygen reduction on Mo-Ru-X (X=S, Se, Te) was investigated. The catalysts were synthesized by the carbonyl complexes decomposition method. The activities of the catalysts were measu...The performance of electrocatalytic oxygen reduction on Mo-Ru-X (X=S, Se, Te) was investigated. The catalysts were synthesized by the carbonyl complexes decomposition method. The activities of the catalysts were measured by potentiodynamic and AC impedance. The micro-structures and compositions were characterized by XRD, TEM and EDS. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements reveal that the catalyst material is of amorphous Ru cluster chalcogenides in the nanoscale range. The electrochemical experiments show that the activity of Mo-Ru-Se is the highest, and peak current density is 3.32 mA·cm-2. However, Mo-Ru-Se is sensitive to methanol in methanol-containing electrolyte, and the activity decreased with the increasing of methanol concentration. The activity of Mo-Ru-S is poorer than Mo-Ru-Se, the peak current density is 2.80 mA·cm-2, the behavior of methanol effect on the activity is similar to Mo-Ru-Se. The tolerant-methanol performance of Mo-Ru-Te is the best in the three, but activity is not high, peak current density is 2.69 mA·cm-2 only.展开更多
文摘Polarization data of BH-4 oxidation on Cu anode in alkaline solution were measured at steady state by a self-made experimental cell.The experimental polarization curve showed three regions:the region at lower over-potential η(below 0.4 V approximately),the region at higher η(above 0.6 V approximately)and the transitional region at medium η.It was found that the limiting current density is caused by the limiting elemental step rather than the external mass transport.The apparent reaction order with respect to BH-4 changes from 0 to 1.The active energy is about 40 kJ·mol-1 in both regions with lower and higher η,and is higher than 40 kJ·mol-1 in the transitional region.With the experimental temperatures and NaOH concentration,the hydrogen production rates released by the electrode reaction were measured at [BH-4]/[OH-]ratios of 1:40,1:20,1:6.7 and 1:4,which is strongly dependent on the over-potential.The apparent number of released electron n by the reaction was calculated by using the measured amounts of hydrogen and coulomb.Higher value of n was obtained at lower [BH-4]/[OH-]ratio,higher temperature as well as higher over-potential.Under the experimental conditions,the value of n varies from 0 to 7,while in the transitional region it is just in the range of 3 to 5.The experimental results indicate that the limiting current density or n value will increase by virtue of proper experimental conditions.However,to considerably increase the current density at lower over-potential requires a modified anode with higher activity.
文摘The performance of electrocatalytic oxygen reduction on Mo-Ru-X (X=S, Se, Te) was investigated. The catalysts were synthesized by the carbonyl complexes decomposition method. The activities of the catalysts were measured by potentiodynamic and AC impedance. The micro-structures and compositions were characterized by XRD, TEM and EDS. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements reveal that the catalyst material is of amorphous Ru cluster chalcogenides in the nanoscale range. The electrochemical experiments show that the activity of Mo-Ru-Se is the highest, and peak current density is 3.32 mA·cm-2. However, Mo-Ru-Se is sensitive to methanol in methanol-containing electrolyte, and the activity decreased with the increasing of methanol concentration. The activity of Mo-Ru-S is poorer than Mo-Ru-Se, the peak current density is 2.80 mA·cm-2, the behavior of methanol effect on the activity is similar to Mo-Ru-Se. The tolerant-methanol performance of Mo-Ru-Te is the best in the three, but activity is not high, peak current density is 2.69 mA·cm-2 only.
