工程制图与CAD课程教学改革探索与实践

工程制图与CAD课程是材料类相关专业的核心课程。在新工科和“双一流”建设背景下,课程团队坚决贯彻“以学生为中心”的教学理念,针对传统教学过程中课程资源碎片化、学习场景单一、思政教育深度不足以及课程评价体系不完善等问题,针对性地开展了课程改革探索和实践。通过打造一站式线上学习平台、打造第二课堂、整合知识点相关思政资源和建立多元化的评价体系,以提升学生的学习体验和教学效果。

Pt电极上甲酸电催化氧化机理研究进展

本文综述了甲酸在铂电极上电催化氧化机理的实验和理论研究进展.铂电极甲酸的电化学氧化主要有两种途径:1)间接途径,甲酸经由CO中间物氧化为最终产物CO2,室温下该途径对总电流贡献不超过1%;2)直接途径,甲酸直接氧化生成CO2.作者对文献中桥式吸附甲酸根是否是甲酸氧化反应直接途径的反应中间物的争论进行了详细的分析和探讨,认为桥式吸附的甲酸根不是间接途径中生成CO的前驱体,也不是甲酸直接氧化途径的中间物.作者还指出了支持甲酸自由基是甲酸直接氧化途径的反应中间物的推论的问题所在.

Ni_(3)N修饰BiVO_(4)用于光电催化分解水的研究

近年来,基于BiVO_(4)光阳极的光电催化分解水技术引起人们的关注.我们通过水热-氨化法制备出Ni_(3)N纳米颗粒,首次将其作为助催化剂修饰到BiVO_(4)光阳极上光电催化分解水.实验表明, Ni_(3)N纳米颗粒成功负载到BiVO_(4)光阳极表面并可有效抑制表面电荷复合以及提高光电催化分解水性能.在1.23 V v. RHE处光电流密度可达3.23mA/cm^(2).此外, Ni_(3)N/BiVO_(4)光阳极的最大值ABPE值达0.88%,并呈现出良好的稳定性.

Integrating non-precious-metal cocatalyst Ni_3N with g-C_3N_4 for enhanced photocatalytic H_2 production in water under visible-light irradiation

Photocatalytic H2 production via water splitting in a noble-metal-free photocatalytic system has attracted much attention in recent years.In this study,noble-metal-free Ni3N was used as an active cocatalyst to enhance the activity of g-C3N4 for photocatalytic H2 production under visible-light irradiation(λ>420 nm).The characterization results indicated that Ni3N nanoparticles were successfully loaded onto the g-C3N4,which accelerated the separation and transfer of photogenerated electrons and resulted in enhanced photocatalytic H2 evolution under visible-light irradiation.The hydrogen evolution rate reached^305.4μmol h^-1 g^-1,which is about three times higher than that of pristine g-C3N4,and the apparent quantum yield(AQY)was^0.45%atλ=420.Furthermore,the Ni3N/g-C3N4 photocatalyst showed no obvious decrease in the hydrogen production rate,even after five cycles under visible-light irradiation.Finally,a possible photocatalytic hydrogen evolution mechanism for the Ni3N/g-C3N4 system is proposed.

Metal-free graphene quantum dots photosensitizer coupled with nickel phosphide cocatalyst for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen production in water under visible light

Photocatalytic hydrogen(H2)evolution is a promising approach for future sustainable energy utilization.However,it is still a great challenge to develop efficient and stable metal‐free photocatalysts with broadband solar absorption in the visible region for H2 production.Metal‐free graphene quantum dot(GQD)is an emerging candidate for this purpose because of its good water‐solubility and tunable band gap.On the other hand,metal phosphides(Ni2P,Co2P,etc)have been demonstrated as novel noble‐metal‐free cocatalysts for water splitting,which can efficiently separate electron‐hole pairs and enhance the photocatalytic activities.Herein,we report for the first time on the use of OH‐functionalized GQDs(OH‐GQDs)photosensitizer coupled with Ni2P nanoparticles for photocatalytic H2 production withλ>420 nm light.The H2 production rate is^94 times higher than that of bare OH‐GQDs,which is even comparable to that of OH‐GQDs with 1.0 wt%Pt cocatalyst.This enhancement is probably due to the semiconductor‐cocatalyst interface interaction between Ni2P and OH‐GQDs to facilitate efficient charge transfer process.

Integrating noble-metal-free NiS cocatalyst with a semiconductor heterojunction composite for efficient photocatalytic H_2 production in water under visible light

Photocatalytic water splitting is an economical and sustainable pathway to use solar energy for large‐scale H2production.We report a highly efficient noble‐metal‐free photocatalyst formed by integrating amorphous NiS with a CdS nanorods(NRs)/ZnS heterojunction material for photocatalytic H2production in water under visible light irradiation(?>420nm).The results show that the photocatalytic H2production rate reaches an optimal value of up to574μmol·h–1after the loading of NiS,which is more than38times higher than the catalytic activity of pure CdS NRs.The average apparent quantum yield is^43.2%during5h of irradiation by monochromatic420nm light.The present study demonstrates the advantage of integration strategies to form not only semiconductor heterojunctions but also photocatalyst‐cocatalyst interfaces to enhance the catalytic activity for photocatalytic H2production.

UV Laser Regulation of Surface Oxygen Vacancy of CoFe2O4 for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Oxygen evolution reaction is one of the key processes in the promising renewable energy technique of electrocatalytic water splitting.Developing high ecient oxygen evolution reaction(OER)catalysts requires determination of the optimal values of the descriptor parameters.Using spinel CoFe2O4 as the model catalyst,this work demonstrates that irradiation with pulsed UV laser can control the quantity of surface oxygen vacancy and thus modify the OER activity,in a volcano-shape evolution trend.This strategy sheds light on quantita-tively investigation of the relationship between surface cation valence,anion vacancy,and physicochemical properties of transition-metal-based compounds.

梯度SiC_(P)/Al复合材料的组织与性能

采用分层装粉后液态热压的方法制备出具有SiC含量梯度的SiC_(P)/Al复合材料,并对其组织与性能进行了研究。结果表明:SiC颗粒在梯度SiC_(P)/Al复合材料的各层内分布均匀,梯度SiC_(P)/Al复合材料各层分界面清晰、平直,界面结合良好。各层混合料在压力作用下同步致密化的过程中伴随着顶层液态铝合金向过渡层渗透,同时过渡层中铝液也向底层发生渗透,导致过渡层的SiC含量有所增加,最终梯度SiC_(P)/Al复合材料热膨胀系数从顶层的21.0×10^(-6)℃^(-1)逐步降低至底层的8.0×10^(-6)℃^(-1)。梯度SiC_(P)/Al复合材料的抗弯强度随着增强体SiC颗粒体积分数的增加而增大,底层与过渡层之间增幅较小。