中国古代织花技艺与织机发展的研究

纺织品的织花技术与织机、织具的进步,是衡量纺织品种生产和科技发展水平的重要标志。本文主要依据历年和近期的出土纺织品实物和图象(画象石和绘画等),结合丰富的记载文献资料,进行系统的综合分析与归纳,阐明中国古代纺织品织花技艺与工具机械的发生与进展历程。中国古代纹织物织花技术与工具机械的概略发展过程有下列几个阶段:(1)原始时代的编织和挑花机具;(2)商代绮织造的纹综杆式踞织机;(3)周、汉代经锦织造的多综多蹑机和束综提花机的创制;(4)唐代以后纬线显花技术和束综提花机的全面发展。

A STUDY ON THE RAW MATERIAL, STRUCTURE AND WEAVING INSTRUMENTS OF FABRICS BEFORE THE WEST ZHOU DYNASTY

In this paper, based on literature of relics of typical fabrics before the West Zhou unearthed in China till now, the weaving technology, including the raw material, the fabic structure, and the weaving instruments of that period was synthetically studied. The wooden loom parts unearthed in the Hemudu ruin, Zhejiang Prov. were studied with reference to the inscriptions on bones and tortoise shells as well as the characters casted on bronze objects, denoting the weaving instruments of pre-Zhou pcriod. The results show that, all the main natural fibres were utilized, all simple and combined weaves except the satin weave had appeared, and the weaving instruments might include the ground loom with 3 or 4 points support, besides the breast loom already reported.

党史教学与“四个坚持”

中国共产党从她诞生的那天起,就肩负起领导中国革命的历史重任.半个多世纪以来,在中国大地上胜利地进行了震撼世界的革命,开辟了中国历史的新纪元.在这场大革命中,中国共产党运用马列主义的普遍真理结合中国的具体实际,卓有成效地解决了夺取中国革命胜利的道路、路线、方针、政策和策略等一系列根本问题。