Incorrect injection technique of insulin is a common problem worldwide,which can reduce the efficacy of insulin therapy and lead to poor glucose control.A cross-sectional,multiple-center survey from 44 hospitals was c...Incorrect injection technique of insulin is a common problem worldwide,which can reduce the efficacy of insulin therapy and lead to poor glucose control.A cross-sectional,multiple-center survey from 44 hospitals was conducted from Nov.2015 to Dec.2015.Non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis analysis of variance and Mann-Whitney U test were used for multi-parametric analysis.Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to identify the factors associated with independent variables.Overall,a single needle was used at an average of 3.79 times,with the highest of 60 times.Analysis across all study participants showed that the frequency of a single needle was positively correlated with age（P = 0.029）,duration of diabetes（P≤0.001） and number of complications（P≤0.001）.Multivariable logistic regressions analysis of insulin pen needle reuse and needle compliance showed that age,income,education,marital status,duration of diabetes,quality of life and cost of drug were significantly related to needle reuse.From this survey,we found that reuse of insulin pen needle was common in China.Frequency of needle reuse was related to the patients＇ demographic characteristics（income level,age,region,education,employment status and self-care）,health-related variables（duration of diabetes,number of complications and EQ-5 D index scores） and utilization of health services（clinical visits,hospitalization and cost of medications）.展开更多
Irrational use of medicines is a major problem worldwide, and it is believed there would be positive correlation between the National Essential Medicines Policies(NEMPs) and the level of rational use of medicines(RUMs...Irrational use of medicines is a major problem worldwide, and it is believed there would be positive correlation between the National Essential Medicines Policies(NEMPs) and the level of rational use of medicines(RUMs). Though there is some early evidence on the NEMPs’ effects on RUMs in China, the evidence is scarce, and conclusions vary. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the impacts of the NEMPs of China on the RUMs in the primary health care institutions(PHCs). A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2010. A total of 201 PHCs from six provinces of China were selected, and 39 181 prescriptions were extracted from January to June, 2010. Six indicators were used and tested by independent-samples T test. We found that the average number of drugs per prescription in PHCs with NEMP implementation(the treatment group) was significantly higher than that of the group without NEMP implementation(the control group)(3.37 vs. 2.83, P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the average cost per prescription(81.43 vs. 75.02). The percentage of prescriptions, including an antibiotic(53.40% vs. 36.48%, P<0.01) or an injection(40.54% vs. 27.94%, P<0.01), was higher in the treatment group, and the percentage of drugs prescribed by general name was significantly lower(83.71% vs. 93.11%, P<0.01). For the percentage of drugs prescribed from essential medicines list, the treatment group exhibited the higher ratio(76.12% vs. 53.45%, P<0.01). From this study, the NEMPs were not likely to have a positive impact on RUMs. China still needed efforts to improve the selection, the absence of physicians’ active involvement, and the patients’ habits of irrational medication use.展开更多
文摘Incorrect injection technique of insulin is a common problem worldwide,which can reduce the efficacy of insulin therapy and lead to poor glucose control.A cross-sectional,multiple-center survey from 44 hospitals was conducted from Nov.2015 to Dec.2015.Non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis analysis of variance and Mann-Whitney U test were used for multi-parametric analysis.Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to identify the factors associated with independent variables.Overall,a single needle was used at an average of 3.79 times,with the highest of 60 times.Analysis across all study participants showed that the frequency of a single needle was positively correlated with age（P = 0.029）,duration of diabetes（P≤0.001） and number of complications（P≤0.001）.Multivariable logistic regressions analysis of insulin pen needle reuse and needle compliance showed that age,income,education,marital status,duration of diabetes,quality of life and cost of drug were significantly related to needle reuse.From this survey,we found that reuse of insulin pen needle was common in China.Frequency of needle reuse was related to the patients＇ demographic characteristics（income level,age,region,education,employment status and self-care）,health-related variables（duration of diabetes,number of complications and EQ-5 D index scores） and utilization of health services（clinical visits,hospitalization and cost of medications）.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.71303011,71774005)
文摘Irrational use of medicines is a major problem worldwide, and it is believed there would be positive correlation between the National Essential Medicines Policies(NEMPs) and the level of rational use of medicines(RUMs). Though there is some early evidence on the NEMPs’ effects on RUMs in China, the evidence is scarce, and conclusions vary. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the impacts of the NEMPs of China on the RUMs in the primary health care institutions(PHCs). A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2010. A total of 201 PHCs from six provinces of China were selected, and 39 181 prescriptions were extracted from January to June, 2010. Six indicators were used and tested by independent-samples T test. We found that the average number of drugs per prescription in PHCs with NEMP implementation(the treatment group) was significantly higher than that of the group without NEMP implementation(the control group)(3.37 vs. 2.83, P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the average cost per prescription(81.43 vs. 75.02). The percentage of prescriptions, including an antibiotic(53.40% vs. 36.48%, P<0.01) or an injection(40.54% vs. 27.94%, P<0.01), was higher in the treatment group, and the percentage of drugs prescribed by general name was significantly lower(83.71% vs. 93.11%, P<0.01). For the percentage of drugs prescribed from essential medicines list, the treatment group exhibited the higher ratio(76.12% vs. 53.45%, P<0.01). From this study, the NEMPs were not likely to have a positive impact on RUMs. China still needed efforts to improve the selection, the absence of physicians’ active involvement, and the patients’ habits of irrational medication use.
