Digital Twins for Engineering Asset Management:Synthesis,Analytical Framework,and Future Directions

Effective engineering asset management(EAM)is critical to economic development and improving livability in society,but its complexity often impedes optimal asset functionalities.Digital twins(DTs)could revolutionize the EAM paradigm by bidirectionally linking the physical and digital worlds in real time.There is great industrial and academic interest in DTs for EAM.However,previous review studies have predominately focused on technical aspects using limited life-cycle perspectives,failing to holistically synthesize DTs for EAM from the managerial point of view.Based on a systematic literature review,we introduce an analytical framework for describing DTs for EAM,which encompasses three levels:DT 1.0 for technical EAM,DT 2.0 for technical-human EAM,and DT 3.0 for technical-environmental EAM.Using this framework,we identify what is known,what is unknown,and future directions at each level.DT 1.0 addresses issues of asset quality,progress,and cost management,generating technical value.It lacks multi-objective self-adaptive EAM,however,and suffers from high application cost.It is imperative to enable closed-loop EAM in order to provide various functional services with affordable DT 1.0.DT 2.0 accommodates issues of human-machine symbiosis,safety,and flexibility management,generating managerial value beyond the technical performance improvement of engineering assets.However,DT 2.0 currently lacks the automation and security of human-machine interactions and the managerial value related to humans is not prominent enough.Future research needs to align technical and managerial value with highly automated and secure DT 2.0.DT 3.0 covers issues of participatory governance,organization management,sustainable development,and resilience enhancement,generating macro social value.Yet it suffers from organizational fragmentation and can only address limited social governance issues.Numerous research opportunities exist to coordinate different stakeholders.Similarly,future research opportunities exist to develop DT 3.0 in a more open and complex system.

我国医院后勤管理研究的进展与趋势--基于过去30年的文献计量学分析

回顾了1990年至2019年30年间我国医院后勤管理领域的相关文献,通过文献计量学的方法,从论文数量、研究机构、高被引文献以及研究主题的变化等方面,剖析了我国医院后勤管理研究的进展,并由此提出了未来后勤管理研究的几个趋势,为医院后勤管理提供理论和实践的参考。

BIM在建设监理领域的应用现状及发展建议

利用BIM等新兴技术是推进建设监理转型发展的重要路径。基于1241份调研问卷,通过数据统计、对比分析以及交叉分析,对BIM在我国建设监理领域的应用现状进行深入研究及总结。从BIM应用广度及深度、BIM应用价值、BIM应用推动力及主要障碍等8个方面展开研究。在此基础上,给出BIM在我国建设监理领域应用个人层面、企业层面和行业层面的转型和发展建议。

基于BP神经网络的CVT暂态电压传递特性补偿技术

为兼顾操作冲击电压、雷电冲击电压作用下对CVT的补偿效果,针对CVT的操作、雷电冲击响应所含的频率分量相差较大,本文提出了一种基于分类器和双路BP神经网络还原CVT一次侧波形的方法。通过设置频率分点计算高于频率分点的小波能量曲线以区分冲击电压类型,进而将冲击电压响应输入对应的双路BP神经网络神经元。通过多组雷电、操作冲击电压波形对神经网络进行训练,并验证了该方法能够兼顾CVT的非线性,模型具有波形适应性。现场应用表明,该方法可以用来对CVT进行暂态电压传递特性补偿,为暂态电压监测与电力故障分析提供理论指导。

基于时域回归模型的CVT传递特性获取方法

扫频法获取电容式电压互感器(capacitor voltage transformer, CVT)的传递特性时,存在电源功率大、频带受限的难题,因此提出了一种基于时域回归模型的CVT传递特性获取方法,并进行了传递特性曲线的可信度评估。当CVT工作在线性状态时,其传递函数可表示为s域多项式构成的分式形式,进而可建立其时域回归模型。基于单次冲击试验获取CVT一次、二次侧数据,考虑了时域回归模型在实际建模中的多波峰以及鲁棒性问题,提出了基于调幅矩阵和鲁棒矩阵的参数辨识方法。对比扫频法测量所得的传递特性曲线和时域回归模型的传递特性曲线并进行可靠性评估,结果显示误差曲线的均值处于零假设的95%置信区间以内,所提出的传递特性获取方法可为现场快速获取CVT的传递特性提供理论指导。

基于多层PCB罗氏线圈的精密冲击电流测量装置

为准确评估防雷设备性能,冲击电流测量装置的测量精度和响应特性至关重要,因此文中提出了高频性能好、抗干扰能力强、灵敏度足够大的多层印刷电路板(PCB)罗氏线圈设计方案。文中分析了雷电流波形的频率范围以及罗氏线圈的传变特性;依据罗氏线圈尺寸、匝数与线圈频率特性之间的关系曲线,确定了线圈的结构尺寸;设计了新型屏蔽和信号输出方式,增强抗干扰能力。通过增加线圈厚度和串联线圈的方法,增大输出电压灵敏度。根据标准要求,进行测量装置的动态特性、标准雷电流测量误差以及线性度试验研究。试验中测量装置响应时间小于90 ns,相对过冲小于10%;与标准Pearson线圈比对,峰值误差小于0.2%,时间参数测量误差小于0.3%;5~40 kA电流范围内,测量装置线性度约为0.3%。试验结果表明研制的冲击电流测量装置具有良好的高频电流信号测量能力。