密度是决定含能材料爆轰性能的重要参数。为评估现有CHON类含能材料密度的计算方法,对等电子密度面法、分子表面静电势法、基团加和法、晶体堆积法、定量构效关系法、经验公式法等进行分析和归类。结果表明,基于分子体积预测方法的精度...密度是决定含能材料爆轰性能的重要参数。为评估现有CHON类含能材料密度的计算方法,对等电子密度面法、分子表面静电势法、基团加和法、晶体堆积法、定量构效关系法、经验公式法等进行分析和归类。结果表明,基于分子体积预测方法的精度取决于分子间和分子内相互作用对密度影响描述的准确度。其中,准确描述氢键和van der Waals作用充满了挑战性。基于晶体体积计算密度的核心在于晶体结构的准确预测,结构搜索要面对巨大的状态空间和高度复杂的能量曲面的困难,预测效率是亟待解决的问题。体积加和法和经验公式法存在无法区分同分异构体和晶型的缺点,且对新发现的具有特殊结构的分子由于缺乏实验数据难以获得准确的经验参数,计算结果偏差较大。引入人工神经网络、遗传算法以及支持向量机等机器学习算法后,定量构效关系法在含能化合物性能与结构关系研究中取得很大成就,模型精度进一步提高将为基于材料基因组模式的含能材料设计研发奠定基础,这也是今后密度预测方法发展的主要方向。展开更多
The effects of helium （He） on the sliding and mechanical properties of a vanadium （V） E5（310）/[001] grain boundary （GB） have been investigated using a first-principles method. It has been found that He was ene...The effects of helium （He） on the sliding and mechanical properties of a vanadium （V） E5（310）/[001] grain boundary （GB） have been investigated using a first-principles method. It has been found that He was energetically favorable sitting at the GB region with a segregation energy of -0.27 eV, which was attributed to the special atomic configurations and charge density distributions of the GB. The maximal sliding energy barrier of the He-doped GB was calculated to be 1.73 J/m^2, 35% larger than that of the clean GB. This suggested that the presence of He would hinder the V GB mobility. Based on the thermodynamic criterion, the total energy calculations indicated that the embrittlement of V GB would be enhanced by He segregation.展开更多
基金输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室自主研究项目(2007DA10512709301)中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(CDJXS11150020)+1 种基金Project Supported by Scientific Research Foundation of State Key Lab. of Power Transmission Equipment and System Security(2007DA10512709301)Project Supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(CDJXS11150020)
文摘密度是决定含能材料爆轰性能的重要参数。为评估现有CHON类含能材料密度的计算方法,对等电子密度面法、分子表面静电势法、基团加和法、晶体堆积法、定量构效关系法、经验公式法等进行分析和归类。结果表明,基于分子体积预测方法的精度取决于分子间和分子内相互作用对密度影响描述的准确度。其中,准确描述氢键和van der Waals作用充满了挑战性。基于晶体体积计算密度的核心在于晶体结构的准确预测,结构搜索要面对巨大的状态空间和高度复杂的能量曲面的困难,预测效率是亟待解决的问题。体积加和法和经验公式法存在无法区分同分异构体和晶型的缺点,且对新发现的具有特殊结构的分子由于缺乏实验数据难以获得准确的经验参数,计算结果偏差较大。引入人工神经网络、遗传算法以及支持向量机等机器学习算法后,定量构效关系法在含能化合物性能与结构关系研究中取得很大成就,模型精度进一步提高将为基于材料基因组模式的含能材料设计研发奠定基础,这也是今后密度预测方法发展的主要方向。
基金Project supported by the National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Program of China(Grant No.2013GB109002)
文摘The effects of helium （He） on the sliding and mechanical properties of a vanadium （V） E5（310）/[001] grain boundary （GB） have been investigated using a first-principles method. It has been found that He was energetically favorable sitting at the GB region with a segregation energy of -0.27 eV, which was attributed to the special atomic configurations and charge density distributions of the GB. The maximal sliding energy barrier of the He-doped GB was calculated to be 1.73 J/m^2, 35% larger than that of the clean GB. This suggested that the presence of He would hinder the V GB mobility. Based on the thermodynamic criterion, the total energy calculations indicated that the embrittlement of V GB would be enhanced by He segregation.
