童年不良经历在全球范围内有很高的发生率,容易造成身体和心理损伤,并且可能产生持久性影响,严重阻碍个体身心的健康发展。已有理论对童年不良经历产生的结果进行了讨论,但其观点存在差异。文章对童年不良经历产生消极和积极后果的有关...童年不良经历在全球范围内有很高的发生率,容易造成身体和心理损伤,并且可能产生持久性影响,严重阻碍个体身心的健康发展。已有理论对童年不良经历产生的结果进行了讨论,但其观点存在差异。文章对童年不良经历产生消极和积极后果的有关理论进行了梳理和总结,探究了童年不良经历在脑区的结构和功能、压力反应和代谢等方面造成的危害,并从加强预防与筛查、开展积极的学校活动、调节家庭氛围的角度给出了建议,旨在呼吁重视童年不良经历,促进童年不良经历个体的身心健康发展。Adverse childhood experiences have a high incidence globally, which can easily cause physical and psychological damage and may have lasting effects, seriously hindering the healthy development of individuals’ physical and mental health. There have been theories discussing the consequences of adverse childhood experiences, but there are differences in their perspectives. This article reviews and summarizes theories on the negative and positive consequences of adverse childhood experiences, explores the harm caused by adverse childhood experiences in the structure and function of brain regions, stress response, and metabolism, and provides suggestions from the perspectives of strengthening prevention, carrying out positive school activities, and regulating family atmosphere, aiming to call for attention to adverse childhood experiences and promote the physical and mental health development of individuals with adverse childhood experiences.展开更多
社会排斥是指个体由于被某一社会团体或他人排斥或拒绝,其基本需求受到阻碍的现象和过程。社会排斥在生活中较为常见,长期遭受排斥会产生多种负面影响,如归属需求和关系需求受到阻碍、增强消极情绪和认知功能受损等,严重影响被排斥者的...社会排斥是指个体由于被某一社会团体或他人排斥或拒绝,其基本需求受到阻碍的现象和过程。社会排斥在生活中较为常见,长期遭受排斥会产生多种负面影响,如归属需求和关系需求受到阻碍、增强消极情绪和认知功能受损等,严重影响被排斥者的心理健康,受到国内外学者的普遍关注。文章对社会排斥的类型、理论以及社会排斥产生的影响进行了梳理和总结,并给出了缓解社会排斥消极影响的办法。Social exclusion refers to the phenomenon and process in which an individual’s basic needs are hindered due to being excluded or rejected by a certain social group or others. Social exclusion is quite common in daily life, and long-term exclusion can have various negative effects, such as hindering the need for belonging and relationships, enhancing negative emotions, and impairing cognitive function, which seriously affect the mental health of excluded individuals and have received widespread attention from scholars at home and abroad. This article reviews and summarizes the types, theories, and impacts of social exclusion and provides methods to alleviate the negative effects of social exclusion.展开更多
文摘童年不良经历在全球范围内有很高的发生率,容易造成身体和心理损伤,并且可能产生持久性影响,严重阻碍个体身心的健康发展。已有理论对童年不良经历产生的结果进行了讨论,但其观点存在差异。文章对童年不良经历产生消极和积极后果的有关理论进行了梳理和总结,探究了童年不良经历在脑区的结构和功能、压力反应和代谢等方面造成的危害,并从加强预防与筛查、开展积极的学校活动、调节家庭氛围的角度给出了建议,旨在呼吁重视童年不良经历,促进童年不良经历个体的身心健康发展。Adverse childhood experiences have a high incidence globally, which can easily cause physical and psychological damage and may have lasting effects, seriously hindering the healthy development of individuals’ physical and mental health. There have been theories discussing the consequences of adverse childhood experiences, but there are differences in their perspectives. This article reviews and summarizes theories on the negative and positive consequences of adverse childhood experiences, explores the harm caused by adverse childhood experiences in the structure and function of brain regions, stress response, and metabolism, and provides suggestions from the perspectives of strengthening prevention, carrying out positive school activities, and regulating family atmosphere, aiming to call for attention to adverse childhood experiences and promote the physical and mental health development of individuals with adverse childhood experiences.
文摘社会排斥是指个体由于被某一社会团体或他人排斥或拒绝,其基本需求受到阻碍的现象和过程。社会排斥在生活中较为常见,长期遭受排斥会产生多种负面影响,如归属需求和关系需求受到阻碍、增强消极情绪和认知功能受损等,严重影响被排斥者的心理健康,受到国内外学者的普遍关注。文章对社会排斥的类型、理论以及社会排斥产生的影响进行了梳理和总结,并给出了缓解社会排斥消极影响的办法。Social exclusion refers to the phenomenon and process in which an individual’s basic needs are hindered due to being excluded or rejected by a certain social group or others. Social exclusion is quite common in daily life, and long-term exclusion can have various negative effects, such as hindering the need for belonging and relationships, enhancing negative emotions, and impairing cognitive function, which seriously affect the mental health of excluded individuals and have received widespread attention from scholars at home and abroad. This article reviews and summarizes the types, theories, and impacts of social exclusion and provides methods to alleviate the negative effects of social exclusion.
