整合GWAS和WGCNA分析挖掘甘蓝型油菜黄籽微效作用位点

甘蓝型油菜是世界上最重要的油料作物之一,黄籽是提高品质的重要育种目标。本研究以520份具有代表性的甘蓝型油菜品种(系)为材料,结合种子发育过程中8个时期的转录组数据,采取整合全基因组关联分析(GWAS)和权重基因共表达网络分析(WGCNA)的策略,挖掘油菜黄籽性状微效作用位点,2年共检测到199个SNP位点,在SNP位点附近共挖掘出1826个名义候选基因。利用R语言中的WGCNA软件包构建了8个共表达模块,基因功能富集分析显示,turquoise模块和blue模块与黄籽表型相关。苯丙烷代谢途径、类黄酮途径的关键基因BnATCAD4、BnF3H以及BnANS为turquoise模块的枢纽基因(hub gene)。通过已知的黄籽相关基因,挖掘出了一部分黄籽微效作用基因,这些基因多参与苯丙烷、类黄酮以及原花青素代谢途径。本研究挖掘的这些位点和候选基因可作为影响油菜黄籽形成的重要候选区域和基因,有助于探究甘蓝型油菜黄籽基因资源信息、揭示油菜黄籽性状的遗传基础和分子机制、丰富分子育种理论以及提高油菜品质。

Numerical Simulation of the Relationships between the 1998 Yangtze River Valley Floods and SST Anomalies

With the IAP/LASG GOALS model, the relationships between the floods in the Yangtze River valley arid sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) in the Pacific and Indian Oceans in 1998 have been studied. The results show that the model can reproduce the heavy rainfall over the Yangtze River valley in the sum-mer of 1998 forced by global observational sea surface temperatures (SST). The model can also reproduce the observed principal features of the subtropical high anomalies over the western Pacific. The experiments with the observed SST in different ocean areas and different periods have been made. By comparing the ef-fects of SSTA of different ocean areas on the floods, it is found that the SSTA in the Indian Ocean are a ma-jor contributor to the floods, and the results also show that the SSTA in the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific have a much closer relationship with the strong anomalies of the subtropical high over the western Pacific than the SSTA in other concerned areas. The study also indicates that the floods and subtropical high anomalies in the summer of 1998 are more controlled by the simultaneous summertime SSTA than by SSTA in the preceding winter and spring seasons.

新能源汽车普及非朝夕可至,2025年可望成为主流

针对新能源汽车发展的前景,毕马威最新发布的《2012年全球汽车业高管人员调查报告》访问了200位全球知名汽车行业公司的高管,多数受访者预计到2025年,电池动力汽车将成为市场主流,短期内混合动力汽车将比纯电动汽车更为普及,长远来看,燃料电池汽车更有潜力。