The number of smokers in Chinese rural areas is more than 200 million, which is twice that in cities. It is very significant to carry out tobacco control interventions in rural areas. We performed this community inter...The number of smokers in Chinese rural areas is more than 200 million, which is twice that in cities. It is very significant to carry out tobacco control interventions in rural areas. We performed this community intervention study to evaluate the efficacy of village-based health education of tobacco control on the male current smoking rate in rural areas. The population of this study was the males above 15 years old from 6 villages in rural areas. The villages were randomly assigned to intervention group or control group（3 villages in each group）. Self-designed smoking questionnaire was applied. The intervention group received the village-based health education of tobacco control for one year. The primary outcome measurement was the male current smoking rate. In the baseline investigation, completed surveys were returned by 814 male residents from the control group and 831 male residents from the intervention group. The male current smoking rate in the control group and the intervention group was 61.2% and 58.5%, respectively, before intervention. There was no significant difference between these two groups（P〉0.05）. After one-year intervention, the current smoking rate in the intervention group（51.2%） was significantly lower than that in the control group（62.8%）（P〈0.001）. Our study suggested that the village-based health education of tobacco control was effective in lowering the male current smoking rate in rural areas, which could be a suitable and feasible way for tobacco control in the Chinese rural areas.展开更多
Numerous studies have been done to explore the association between mannose-binding lectin two （MBL2） gene polymorphisms and the risk of tuberculosis （TB）. However, the results are inconsistent. We performed a meta...Numerous studies have been done to explore the association between mannose-binding lectin two （MBL2） gene polymorphisms and the risk of tuberculosis （TB）. However, the results are inconsistent. We performed a meta-aualysis to investigate whether polymorphisms in the MBL2 gene were associated with TB risk. Databases including PubMed, Medline, Chinese Biomedicine Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and Weipu Database were searched to find relevant articles published up to 2 October, 2012. Odds ratio （OR） with 95% confidence interval （CI） was used to evaluate the strength of association. All statistical tests were performed by using Revman 5.1 software and STATA 11.0 software. Six case-control studies including 1106 cases and 1190 controls were accepted in the meta-analysis. The results indicated that individuals carrying the MBL2 codon 54 B allele may have an increased risk of TB as compared with AA homozygotes （BB＋AB vs. AA： OR=1.52, 95% CI： 1.22-1.88）, whereas MBL2 ＋4 P/Q was possibly not associated with TB susceptibility in Chinese population.展开更多
This study compared the efficacy and safety of tiotropium bromide inhalation powder （spiriva） and doxofylline oral tablet （doxofylline） in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）. A multi-c...This study compared the efficacy and safety of tiotropium bromide inhalation powder （spiriva） and doxofylline oral tablet （doxofylline） in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）. A multi-center, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-controlled study involved 127 eligible stable moderate to severe COPD patients treated with inhaled tiotropium dry powder （18 μg/day） or oral doxofylline tablets （0.2 g/time, 2 times a day） for 12 and 24 weeks. Before and after treatment for 12 weeks and 24 weeks, respectively, pulmonary function, 6-min walking distance and dyspnea index were recorded. The results showed that in both tiotropium group and doxofylline groups, after 12-week treatment, FEV1, FEV1/FVC% and 6-min walk distance were sig-nificantly higher than those before the medication, while dyspnea index decreased as compared with that before treatment. After 24-week treatment, a slight improvement in the measures was observed as compared with that of 12-weeks treatment, but the difference was not statistically significant. With both 12-week and 24-week treatment, the effect of tiotropium was slightly better than that of doxofylline tablets, with the difference being statistically insignificant. The major adverse events in the tiotropium group and doxofylline group were observed in 9 cases （9.9%） and 12 cases （12.9%）, respectively, and no statistically significant difference was found between them. We are led to conclude that both tiotropium at 18 μg a day and doxofylline tablets at 0.2 g/day （two times a day） are effective and safe for the treatment of COPD.展开更多
文摘短暂性脑缺血发作（transient ischemic attack, TIA）的概念自从Fisher首先提出至今已有半个世纪。随着神经科学的迅速发展，人们对TIA有了越来越深刻的认识，主要包括病因学、发病机制、临床表现及其与影像学之间的关系。TIA的传统概念已受到巨大的挑战，越来越多的神经科学者认为，原来的概念已不能适应新时代的需要，应当对TIA进行重新定义。为此，包括Albers在内的神经病学家成立了TIA研究组，并于2002年在（（New England Journal of Medicine））上提出了TIA的新定义。
文摘The number of smokers in Chinese rural areas is more than 200 million, which is twice that in cities. It is very significant to carry out tobacco control interventions in rural areas. We performed this community intervention study to evaluate the efficacy of village-based health education of tobacco control on the male current smoking rate in rural areas. The population of this study was the males above 15 years old from 6 villages in rural areas. The villages were randomly assigned to intervention group or control group（3 villages in each group）. Self-designed smoking questionnaire was applied. The intervention group received the village-based health education of tobacco control for one year. The primary outcome measurement was the male current smoking rate. In the baseline investigation, completed surveys were returned by 814 male residents from the control group and 831 male residents from the intervention group. The male current smoking rate in the control group and the intervention group was 61.2% and 58.5%, respectively, before intervention. There was no significant difference between these two groups（P〉0.05）. After one-year intervention, the current smoking rate in the intervention group（51.2%） was significantly lower than that in the control group（62.8%）（P〈0.001）. Our study suggested that the village-based health education of tobacco control was effective in lowering the male current smoking rate in rural areas, which could be a suitable and feasible way for tobacco control in the Chinese rural areas.
文摘Numerous studies have been done to explore the association between mannose-binding lectin two （MBL2） gene polymorphisms and the risk of tuberculosis （TB）. However, the results are inconsistent. We performed a meta-aualysis to investigate whether polymorphisms in the MBL2 gene were associated with TB risk. Databases including PubMed, Medline, Chinese Biomedicine Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and Weipu Database were searched to find relevant articles published up to 2 October, 2012. Odds ratio （OR） with 95% confidence interval （CI） was used to evaluate the strength of association. All statistical tests were performed by using Revman 5.1 software and STATA 11.0 software. Six case-control studies including 1106 cases and 1190 controls were accepted in the meta-analysis. The results indicated that individuals carrying the MBL2 codon 54 B allele may have an increased risk of TB as compared with AA homozygotes （BB＋AB vs. AA： OR=1.52, 95% CI： 1.22-1.88）, whereas MBL2 ＋4 P/Q was possibly not associated with TB susceptibility in Chinese population.
基金supported by grants from the Clinical Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Foundation of Chinese Medical Association (No. 07010030011)Key Research Program of the Ministry of Health of China (No. 2007353)the Special Funds for Scientific Research on Public Causes of Ministry of Health of China (No. 201002008)
文摘This study compared the efficacy and safety of tiotropium bromide inhalation powder （spiriva） and doxofylline oral tablet （doxofylline） in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）. A multi-center, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-controlled study involved 127 eligible stable moderate to severe COPD patients treated with inhaled tiotropium dry powder （18 μg/day） or oral doxofylline tablets （0.2 g/time, 2 times a day） for 12 and 24 weeks. Before and after treatment for 12 weeks and 24 weeks, respectively, pulmonary function, 6-min walking distance and dyspnea index were recorded. The results showed that in both tiotropium group and doxofylline groups, after 12-week treatment, FEV1, FEV1/FVC% and 6-min walk distance were sig-nificantly higher than those before the medication, while dyspnea index decreased as compared with that before treatment. After 24-week treatment, a slight improvement in the measures was observed as compared with that of 12-weeks treatment, but the difference was not statistically significant. With both 12-week and 24-week treatment, the effect of tiotropium was slightly better than that of doxofylline tablets, with the difference being statistically insignificant. The major adverse events in the tiotropium group and doxofylline group were observed in 9 cases （9.9%） and 12 cases （12.9%）, respectively, and no statistically significant difference was found between them. We are led to conclude that both tiotropium at 18 μg a day and doxofylline tablets at 0.2 g/day （two times a day） are effective and safe for the treatment of COPD.
