In this study, the impacts of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation （PDO） and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation （AMO） on the western Pacific warm pool （WPWP） were investigated. Our results show that the WPWP is li...In this study, the impacts of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation （PDO） and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation （AMO） on the western Pacific warm pool （WPWP） were investigated. Our results show that the WPWP is linked with the PDO and the AMO at multiple time scales. On the seasonal time scales, the WPWP and the PDO/AMO reinforce each other, while at decadal time scales the forcing roles of the PDO and the AMO dominate. Notably, a positive PDO tends to enlarge the WPWP at both seasonal and decadal time scales, while a positive AMO tends to reduce the WPWP at decadal time scales. Furthermore, the decadal variability of the WPWP can be well predicted based on the PDO and AMO.展开更多
Based on 22 of the climate models from phase 3 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, we investigate the ability of the models to reproduce the spatiotemporal features of the wintertime North Pacific Oscillatio...Based on 22 of the climate models from phase 3 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, we investigate the ability of the models to reproduce the spatiotemporal features of the wintertime North Pacific Oscillation(NPO), which is the second most important factor determining the wintertime sea level pressure field in simulations of the pre-industrial control climate, and evaluate the NPO response to the future most reasonable global warming scenario(the A1B scenario). We reveal that while most models simulate the geographic distribution and amplitude of the NPO pattern satisfactorily, only 13 models capture both features well. However, the temporal variability of the simulated NPO could not be significantly correlated with the observations. Further analysis indicates the weakened NPO intensity for a scenario of strong global warming is attributable to the reduced lower-tropospheric baroclinicity at mid-latitudes, which is anticipated to disrupt large-scale and low-frequency atmospheric variability, resulting in the diminished transfer of energy to the NPO, together with its northward shift.展开更多
利用HadISST(Hadley Centre Global Sea Ice and Sea Surface Temperature)和20CRv2(Twentieth-Century Reanalysis dataset version 2)数据集,对1951—2000年南半球中纬度海表面温度(Sea Surface Temperature;SST)进行了经验正交函数分...利用HadISST(Hadley Centre Global Sea Ice and Sea Surface Temperature)和20CRv2(Twentieth-Century Reanalysis dataset version 2)数据集,对1951—2000年南半球中纬度海表面温度(Sea Surface Temperature;SST)进行了经验正交函数分解(EOF),结合回归分析方法,分析了南半球风暴轴对冬夏季中纬度海温异常的响应特征。结果表明:南半球夏季SST第一模态表现为三极子型,南大西洋、南印度洋和南太平洋的SST暖异常能够使对流层低层涡动活动增强,体现在850 hPa涡动热量极向热通量增加,其最大值出现在南太平洋西部。南半球冬季SST第一模态表现为在南大西洋、南印度洋分布暖异常,在南太平洋中西部出现弱偶极子型SST异常,分别能够在局地增强和减弱对流层低层涡动活动,体现在增强和减弱,其大值区出现在南印度洋。进一步对大气斜压性和斜压能量转换的诊断结果表明,上述中纬度海温异常的存在能导致对流层低层出现一致性的斜压增强(减弱),进而加强(削弱)大气涡动活动。展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)major project (Grant No. 40890155)NSFC Distin-guished Young Investigator Project (Grant No. 40788002)
文摘In this study, the impacts of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation （PDO） and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation （AMO） on the western Pacific warm pool （WPWP） were investigated. Our results show that the WPWP is linked with the PDO and the AMO at multiple time scales. On the seasonal time scales, the WPWP and the PDO/AMO reinforce each other, while at decadal time scales the forcing roles of the PDO and the AMO dominate. Notably, a positive PDO tends to enlarge the WPWP at both seasonal and decadal time scales, while a positive AMO tends to reduce the WPWP at decadal time scales. Furthermore, the decadal variability of the WPWP can be well predicted based on the PDO and AMO.
基金Supported by the China National Global Change Major Research Project(No.2013CB956201)the National Science Foundation of China(NSFC)Key Project(No.41130859)+1 种基金the NSFC(Nos.41506009,41521091)the NSFC Major Project(No.41490643)
文摘Based on 22 of the climate models from phase 3 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, we investigate the ability of the models to reproduce the spatiotemporal features of the wintertime North Pacific Oscillation(NPO), which is the second most important factor determining the wintertime sea level pressure field in simulations of the pre-industrial control climate, and evaluate the NPO response to the future most reasonable global warming scenario(the A1B scenario). We reveal that while most models simulate the geographic distribution and amplitude of the NPO pattern satisfactorily, only 13 models capture both features well. However, the temporal variability of the simulated NPO could not be significantly correlated with the observations. Further analysis indicates the weakened NPO intensity for a scenario of strong global warming is attributable to the reduced lower-tropospheric baroclinicity at mid-latitudes, which is anticipated to disrupt large-scale and low-frequency atmospheric variability, resulting in the diminished transfer of energy to the NPO, together with its northward shift.
文摘利用HadISST(Hadley Centre Global Sea Ice and Sea Surface Temperature)和20CRv2(Twentieth-Century Reanalysis dataset version 2)数据集,对1951—2000年南半球中纬度海表面温度(Sea Surface Temperature;SST)进行了经验正交函数分解(EOF),结合回归分析方法,分析了南半球风暴轴对冬夏季中纬度海温异常的响应特征。结果表明:南半球夏季SST第一模态表现为三极子型,南大西洋、南印度洋和南太平洋的SST暖异常能够使对流层低层涡动活动增强,体现在850 hPa涡动热量极向热通量增加,其最大值出现在南太平洋西部。南半球冬季SST第一模态表现为在南大西洋、南印度洋分布暖异常,在南太平洋中西部出现弱偶极子型SST异常,分别能够在局地增强和减弱对流层低层涡动活动,体现在增强和减弱,其大值区出现在南印度洋。进一步对大气斜压性和斜压能量转换的诊断结果表明,上述中纬度海温异常的存在能导致对流层低层出现一致性的斜压增强(减弱),进而加强(削弱)大气涡动活动。
