不同方法合成金属有机骨架材料MOF-5的比较研究

针对金属有机骨架材料MOF-5的制备,采用了水热合成法、直接加入法以及在直接法中额外滴加H_2O_2的3种方法分别合成MOF-5晶体。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)以及热重分析仪(TG)等仪器对MOF-5晶体进行了表征。研究了不同合成方法对其结构、形貌及热稳定性等性质的影响。结果表明:3种方法所制备的晶体XRD衍射峰与文献中MOF-5晶体的特征峰相符,即均可合成MOF-5晶体。但SEM、FTIR以及TG结果表明:水热法合成的晶体具有粒径较小和结构规则的特点,但热稳定性较差;其余2种方法合成的产物为微米级无规则聚集状晶体,与水热法相比晶体性质有一定差异。此外,滴加H_2O_2有助于晶粒的快速形成以及晶粒分散。

浅析管道施工中的问题及对策

在化工项目中,工艺管道施工过程经常出现各种各样的问题。本文作者在某化工项目施工现场做设计代表期间,对遇到的问题进行了总结,希望对以后的管道设计工作起到帮助作用。

Visualization of Structured Packing with Laser Induced Fluorescence Technique: Two-Dimensional Measurement of Liquid Concentration Distribution

A method of using laser induced fluorescence(LIF)technique was applied to two-dimensional measurement of the liquid concentration distribution in the 250 Y structured packing sheet. The experimental structured packing sheet was made of perspex so that the laser could pass through it. The visualization of the distribution of the liquid concentration in the structured packing sheet was realized. The calibration of the thickness and liquid concentration was carried out firstly and the regression formula I=kcd was acquired, in which concentration c and the liquid film thickness d were both considered. Then the liquid feed of uniform tracer(rhodamine)concentration entered the perspex structured packing from the top under different spraying densities. The corresponding thickness of liquid film on the packing was calculated. Finally, tracer(rhodamine)with a high concentration was injected only at one fixed point of the structured packing under different spraying densities of the liquid. With the known liquid film thickness, the concentration distribution of the tracer can be calculated inside the structured packing sheet.

分子模拟评价萃取精馏萃取剂的新方法

萃取精馏是强化分离的有效方法,选用不同的萃取剂对萃取精馏过程的可行性和经济性有很大影响。探索性地使用分子模拟软件Material Studio计算二元物系的混合能来作为萃取剂优劣的判据。以苯和环己烷为待分离物系,选择多种溶剂作为萃取剂,计算萃取剂分子与苯分子之间的混合能以及萃取剂分子与环己烷分子之间的混合能,并计算2个混合能的差值。以文献报导的选择性和以热力学NRTL方程计算无限稀释活度系数得到的选择性为标准来验证使用混合能差值评价萃取剂优劣的合理性。验证结果表明混合能差值基本随选择性的增加而增大,这一结论为进一步深入理论研究和新的萃取剂选择方法的开发打下了基础。