Climate conditions have long been acknowledged as a pivotal factor shaping regional productivity and influencing available resources,consequently playing an important role in driving social changes throughout human hi...Climate conditions have long been acknowledged as a pivotal factor shaping regional productivity and influencing available resources,consequently playing an important role in driving social changes throughout human history[1–3].In ancient East Asia,the Chinese agrarian civilization emerged around 4000 years ago in northern China,the region termed the“Central Plains”.This region faced recurrent episodes of large-scale social unrest,profoundly impacting the societal structure and dynastic cycles[4].These episodes were marked by extended civil peasant uprisings and/or incursions from northern nomadic tribes,often spanning decades to centuries[5].Both the agrarian societies in the Central Plains and the husbandry-based nomadic tribes in the vast northern grasslands,characterized by semi-arid and semi-humid climates,were notably sensitive to climate variations[6].展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42025707 and 41888101)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB 40010200)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Planning Project of Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(NIGLAS2022TJ11)the Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry,Ministry of Education,Nanjing University.
文摘Climate conditions have long been acknowledged as a pivotal factor shaping regional productivity and influencing available resources,consequently playing an important role in driving social changes throughout human history[1–3].In ancient East Asia,the Chinese agrarian civilization emerged around 4000 years ago in northern China,the region termed the“Central Plains”.This region faced recurrent episodes of large-scale social unrest,profoundly impacting the societal structure and dynastic cycles[4].These episodes were marked by extended civil peasant uprisings and/or incursions from northern nomadic tribes,often spanning decades to centuries[5].Both the agrarian societies in the Central Plains and the husbandry-based nomadic tribes in the vast northern grasslands,characterized by semi-arid and semi-humid climates,were notably sensitive to climate variations[6].
