“双一流”建设对首都师范大学物理系发展的机遇与挑战

介绍了首都师范大学物理系发展历史沿革,各个学科的发展和人才培养情况,并讨论了在首都师范大学入选“双一流”学科建设高校后物理系的发展方向.

自旋轨道耦合体系Mott相变的团簇动力学平均场理论研究

Mott相变一直是凝聚态物理广泛研究的前沿问题,对于理解高温超导有重要意义.在描述Mott相变中Hubbard模型处于核心的位置.在该模型中,强电子-电子相互作用使巡游电子局域化,从而使体系发生Mott相变.目前,在很多材料中发现电子具有自旋-轨道耦合,所以自旋轨道耦合引起了人们很大的兴趣.本文研究具有自旋-轨道耦合正方晶格的Mott转变,得到了体系在参数空间下的相图.我们发现,当考虑自旋轨道耦合,它对传统的Hubbard模型会产生重要的影响.

一维Rydberg原子—腔系统

原子与腔相互作用系统具有许多物理性质,如态稳定性和量子相变.本文的模型是一维情形下Rydberg原子—腔相互作用系统,并对激发态Rydberg原子与腔场的耦合考虑了Rydberg原子间偶极—偶极相互作用的最近邻项.文中从三个角度对系统Hamilton量进行能量求解,分别是平均场理论,强耦合展开和量子蒙卡模拟,并得到了相应的参数空间量子相图.文中发现了超流相和介于超流相和固态相之间的稳定的超固态相,而且空穴激发的超固态相比粒子激发的更加稳定,不同相的存在和形状受有效化学势影响很大.

Spin excitation spectra of spin–orbit coupled bosons in an optical lattice

Spin-wave excitation plays important roles in the investigation of the magnetic phases. In this paper, we study the spin-wave excitation spectra of two-component Bose gases with spin-orbit coupling in a deep square optical lattice using the spin-wave theory. We find that, while the excitation spectrum of the vortex crystal phase is gapless with a linear dispersion in the vicinity of the minimum point, the spectra of the commensurate spiral spin phase and the skyrmion crystal phase are gapped. Significantly, the spin fluctuations strongly destabilize the classical ground state of the skyrmion phase with the appearance of an imaginary part in the eigenfrequencies of spin excitations. Such features of the spin excitation spectra provide further insights into the exotic spin phases.

Corrections to atomic ground state energy due to interaction between atomic electric quadrupole and optical field

We study the ground state energy of an atom interacting with an oscillating optical field with electric dipole and quadrupole coupling.Under the rotating wave approximation,we derive the effective atomic Hamiltonians of the dipole/quadrupole coupling term within the perturbation theory up to the second order.Based on the effective Hamiltonians,we analyze the atomic ground-state energy corrections of these two processes in detail.As an application,we find that for alkali-like atoms,the energy correction from the quadrupole coupling is negligible small in comparison with that from the dipole coupling,which justifies the so-called dipole approximation used in literatures.Some special cases where the quadrupole interaction may have considerable energy corrections are also discussed.Our results would be beneficial for the study of atom–light interaction beyond dipole approximation.

Polaron and molecular states of a spin-orbit coupled impurity in a spinless Fermi sea

We investigate the polaron and molecular states of a fermionic atom with one-dimensional spin-orbit coupling(SOC)coupled to a three-dimensional spinless Fermi sea.Because of the interplay among the SOC,Raman coupling and spinselected interatomic interactions,the polaron state induced by the spin-orbit coupled impurity exhibits quite unique features.We find that the energy dispersion of the polaron generally has a double-minimum structure,which results in a finite center-of-mass(c.m.)momentum in the ground state,different from the zero-momentum polarons where SOC are introduced into the majority atoms.By further tuning the parameters such as the atomic interaction strength,a discontinuous transition between the polarons with different c.m.momenta may occur,signaled by the singular behavior of the quasiparticle residue and effective mass of the polaron.Meanwhile,the molecular state as well as the polaron-to-molecule transition is also strongly affected by the Raman coupling and the effective Zeeman field,which are introduced by the lasers generating SOC on the impurity atom.We also discuss the effects of a more general spin-dependent interaction and mass ratio.These results would be beneficial for the study of impurity physics brought by SOC.

Effective Hamiltonian of the Jaynes–Cummings model beyond rotating-wave approximation

The Jaynes–Cummings model with or without rotating-wave approximation plays a major role to study the interaction between atom and light. We investigate the Jaynes–Cummings model beyond the rotating-wave approximation. Treating the counter-rotating terms as periodic drivings, we solve the model in the extended Floquet space. It is found that the full energy spectrum folded in the quasi-energy bands can be described by an effective Hamiltonian derived in the highfrequency regime. In contrast to the Z_(2) symmetry of the original model, the effective Hamiltonian bears an enlarged U(1)symmetry with a unique photon-dependent atom-light detuning and coupling strength. We further analyze the energy spectrum, eigenstate fidelity and mean photon number of the resultant polaritons, which are shown to be in accordance with the numerical simulations in the extended Floquet space up to an ultra-strong coupling regime and are not altered significantly for a finite atom-light detuning. Our results suggest that the effective model provides a good starting point to investigate the rich physics brought by counter-rotating terms in the frame of Floquet theory.

自旋轨道角动量耦合的超流费米气体

近年来,自旋轨道耦合的原子气体研究取得了许多重要的进展,其中一种新近实现的新类型自旋轨道耦合-自旋轨道角动量耦合由于其独特性质吸引了人们的兴趣。本文以费米气体为例,介绍自旋轨道角动量耦合的实现和特点,以及对单粒子谱特别是对费米超流的重要影响。结合平均场解析方法和数值模拟,分析了自旋轨道角动量耦合诱导的有限角动量配对和由此导致的不同类型的超流涡旋基态,并进一步讨论了相关的进展和未来可能的发展方向。