虚拟现实如何促进电子商务新发展——以“人–技”关系理论为视角

电子商务的发展离不开互联网的高速发展,目前,电子商务具有更广阔的发展环境,更广阔的贸易市场,更快速的流通和更低廉的价格,以及更符合时代的要求。在传统的电商平台上,消费者只能通过二维屏幕浏览商品,这种体验缺乏真实性与互动性。而虚拟现实技术的应用可以使用户置身于真实的商店中。虚拟现实技术与人的非完全具身化,使得在使用虚拟现实技术时,使用者仍可明确区分现实世界与虚拟环境。在虚拟现实技术中所产生的虚拟世界与现实世界的偏差、假象以及对现实世界的抵触心理,归根到底是对现实世界的一种理想形态的模拟,是对现实世界的一种解释。回看当今社会,电子商务以其迅猛的发展势头和广泛的影响力,不仅重塑传统的经济结构,也深刻地影响了我们的日常生活方式与思维模式。然而,在这场技术驱动的商业革命中,我们又是否曾停下脚步,审视其本质、价值、潜在影响与未来发展?本文将尝试以“人–技”关系理论为视角,探析虚拟现实如何促进电子商务发展,探讨二者未来的相交之处与共进之处,挖掘其中蕴含的深层次问题,并展望未来发展的可能性。The development of e-commerce is inseparable from the rapid development of the Internet. At present, e-commerce has a broader development environment, a broader trade market, faster circulation and lower prices, and more in line with the requirements of the times. On traditional e-commerce platforms, consumers can only browse products through two-dimensional screens, which lacks authenticity and interactivity. The application of virtual reality technology can immerse users in real stores. Because virtual reality technology is not fully embodied by humans, users can still clearly distinguish between the real world and the virtual environment when using virtual reality technology. The deviation, illusion, and resistance to the real world generated in virtual reality technology ultimately represent an ideal simulation of the real world and an explanation of the real world. Looking back at today’s society, e-commerce, with its rapid development momentum and extensive influence, not only reshapes the traditional economic structure, but also profoundly affects our daily lifestyle and thinking patterns. However, in this technology driven business revolution, have we ever stopped to examine its essence, value, potential impact, and future development? This article will attempt to explore how virtual reality promotes the development of e-commerce from the perspective of the “human technology” relationship theory, explore the intersection and commonalities between the two in the future, explore the deep-seated problems contained therein, and look forward to the possibilities of future development.

证伪主义视域下的精神分析心理学研究——评判无意识理论的可证伪性

弗洛伊德从医疗实践出发,寻找精神病理的心理原因,通过“自由联想法”开创了精神分析学说。进而于1916年发表《精神分析引论》将该心理学说运用到更广泛的人文科学领域之中,用无意识、性本能等理论阐释人类世界出现的各种现象,使其具有更广泛的哲学意义解释社会和文明问题。波普尔作为批判理性主义者,改写了自启蒙传统下的科学观与真理观,开创了科学哲学发展的新历程。提出证伪主义思想、科学发展的模式以及“科学”不等于“真理”的真理观,是对哲学与科学方法的一个巨大贡献。因精神分析学派所涉人物与学理浩瀚无垠,故本文仅解析精神分析心理学开山祖师——弗洛伊德及其相关理论。本文旨在以证伪主义为基础,评估精神分析学中的无意识理论的可证伪性,通过对现有研究、案例分析和相关临床实践进行批判性审查,探讨无意识理论的主要假设,并提出一些具有挑战性的问题。结果表明,虽然无意识理论在精神分析学领域具有广泛的应用和影响力,但其可证伪性存在一定的困难和限制。