定植密度和施肥种类对蕨菜生长及产量的影响

In order to provide theoretical basis and technological guide for cultivating wild Pteridium aquilinum, study on the influence of planting density and fertilizers on growth and yield of Pteridium aquilinum was conducted. The results showed that the low planting density(25?cm×11?cm) favoured the development of root stem under earth and increase in plant height and petiole length, but resulted in decrease of yield of the fresh Pteridium aquilinum. Under the conditions of chicken dung applying, the root stems under earth developed well, plant height and petiole length increased and the third year yield of the fresh Pteridium aquilinum was significantly higher than that of the fresh Pteridium aquilinum with the treatments of compound fertilizer applying, ash fertilizer applying and no fertilizer applying. Therefore, the high planting density(25?cm×5?cm) with chicken dung applying is the suitable combination measures for obtaining the highest yield of fresh Pteridium aquilinum.

定植密度和施肥种类对蕨菜生长及产量的影响

为了给人工栽培野生蕨菜提供理论依据和技术指导,研究了不同定植密度和施肥种类对人工栽培蕨菜生长及鲜菜产量的影响。结果表明,低密度(25cm×11cm)栽培有利于地下根茎的发育和株高、叶柄长度的增加,但鲜菜产量较低;施用鸡粪不仅地下根茎发育较好,且地上株高、叶柄长度增加,第3年鲜菜产量显著高于施用复合肥、草木灰和不施肥处理。因此,高密度(25cm×5cm)栽植配合施用鸡粪,是获得蕨菜鲜菜最高产量的适宜组合措施。

不同覆盖方式对人工蕨菜生长发育及产量的影响

对用塑料大棚、塑料小拱棚和露田栽植等３种不同覆盖管理方式的３年生人工蕨菜的生长发育进程、地上茎的生长量及藓菜产量进行了观测和分析，结果表明：塑料大棚内光、温、湿条件比较适合蕨菜生长发育的要求，因而蕨菜出苗早、生长量大，产量高；塑料小拱棚对棚内温、湿条件和蕨菜生长发育及产量也产生一定影响，比露田蕨菜具有一定增产效果。

蕨菜孢子在离体培养条件下发育过程的形态观察

在离体条件下，培养并观察了蕨菜孢子早期发育过程中的形态变化规律。孢子接种后４～５ｄ开始萌发，７～８ｄ形成单列的或交叉形的丝状体，约２周后发育成片状体，到２０ｄ左右形成肉眼可见的心脏型原叶体（配子体）；２５ｄ左右原叶体上出现性器官，性器官成熟后形成精子和卵，精卵结合形成受精卵，受精后１０ｄ左右形成幼孢子体（蕨菜幼苗）。

东北人参引种栽培试验初报

为了开发和充分利用兰州市天然林区资源,发展多种经营生产,我局于1984年从东北黑龙江省虎林县引进人参种苗在林区进行了试栽。经过3年多的精心培育,已获成功,并扩大栽培685平方米。现就引种试验情况整理初报如下: