云锡公司某锡尾矿预抛及铁回收试验

云锡公司二次资源锡尾矿中有价元素品位较低,主要目的矿物钨、锡均达到“双零”级别,考虑到综合回收目的元素价值有限。需要先进行预抛和回收铁矿物,以降低粗粒级和铁矿物对后续作业的干扰,同时节约后续选别成本,对锡尾矿进行筛分预抛、弱磁选、强磁选试验研究。试验结果表明,当采用筛分粒径为0.150 mm、磁滚筒磁场强度为0.12 T;高梯度磁选机磁场强度0.4 T、矿浆流量为12 L/min、脉动冲次为200次/min、磁介质为3.0 mm,最终可获得粗粒级抛除率12.64%,弱磁选Fe精矿品位54.83%、回收率4.83%,强磁选Fe精矿品位42.52%、回收率8.26%。

云锡某矽卡岩白钨矿新工艺试验研究

以云锡某矽卡岩白钨矿为研究对象,该钨矿含有大量的含钙脉石,为实现白钨矿与含钙脉石的有效分离,钨常温粗选和加温精选作业需要添加大量的水玻璃,导致后续钨精矿和尾矿脱水沉降困难。在现场生产工艺流程上进行新工艺改进,试验结果表明,在钨常温粗选作业采用捕收剂SJ-Y2用量120 g/t、调整剂NaCO3用量2 000 g/t、抑制剂水玻璃用量4 000 g/t,钨浮选柱加温精选作业采用调整剂NaOH用量1 000 g/t、抑制剂水玻璃用量50 000 g/t、温度为90℃,经脱硫作业和钨浮选作业获得了产率0.31%的最终钨精矿、钨精矿含WO3品位为58.77%、回收率为82.77%的较好选矿指标。

阳离子-阴离子组合捕收剂浮选分离白钨矿和方解石

通过纯矿物浮选试验、红外光谱分析、表面张力测定以及动电位测试研究了阳离子捕收剂十二胺(DDA)和阴离子捕收剂油酸钠(Na OL)及其组合捕收剂在白钨矿和方解石浮选分离中的作用及机理。结果表明,当p H值为7左右,DDA和Na OL组合捕收剂总用量为1.5×10-4mol/L、组合比为9∶1时,白钨矿回收率达到95%,比单独使用DDA、Na OL以及DDA和Na OL组合比为1∶9时明显提高;在该比例下预先加入2.0×10-3mol/L的酸化水玻璃,白钨矿回收率仍然达到90%,而方解石回收率由80%下降到了40%,这可以实现白钨矿和方解石的浮选分离。

Review of tungsten resource reserves,tungsten concentrate production and tungsten beneficiation technology in China

Tungsten is a strategic metal that is widely used in various fields such as electron communication,aeronautics and astronautics,materials and chemical engineering,due to its special properties.China has the largest reserves of tungsten resources and the largest output of tungsten concentrate in the world,and plays a decisive role in the world tungsten market.In this work,firstly,the reserves and distribution characteristics of tungsten resources in China were summarized,and the production situation of tungsten concentrate in China was reviewed.Based on the gross domestic product per capita(GDP/capita),five different annual GDP growth rates were used to estimate China’s tungsten concentrate production in the future.The estimation results suggested that if China’s economy continues to grow at the current rate,the accumulative production of tungsten concentrate will exceed current reserves by approximately 2032.Then,from the aspects of process flow,beneficiation equipment and flotation reagents,the beneficiation technology development of different types of tungsten ore in China was also reviewed,including wolframite,scheelite and tungsten-bearing slime.Finally,taking several representative tungsten mines in China as examples,the classic beneficiation technology of different types of tungsten ores was elucidated in detail.Meanwhile,the development direction of tungsten beneficiation technology in the future was put forward,which was of great significance to maintain the superiority of tungsten resources in China.

Synergistic depression mechanism of zinc sulfate and sodium dimethyl dithiocarbamate on sphalerite in Pb−Zn flotation system

The depression mechanism of zinc sulfate(ZnSO4)and sodium dimethyl dithiocarbamate(DMDC)as the combined depressant on sphalerite was investigated by micro-flotation experiments,ion complexing tests,contact angle tests and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)analysis.The micro-flotation tests revealed that ZnSO4+DMDC had a better selective depression effect on sphalerite than using single ZnSO4 or DMDC.Ion complexing tests confirmed that DMDC had a strong complexing capacity with lead ions or hydroxy complexes.Contact angle tests illustrated that ZnSO4+DMDC makes the sphalerite surface more hydrophilic than ZnSO4 or DMDC.XPS analysis indicated that the combined depressant could prevent collector adsorbing on the Pb-activated sphalerite surface by a competitive adsorption method,while the combined depressant and collector were co-adsorbed on galena surface.

Selective depression of copper-activated sphalerite by polyaspartic acid during chalcopyrite flotation

Environmentally friendly flotation reagent,polyaspartic acid(PAPA),was tested as a potential selective depressant in the flotation separation of chalcopyrite and Cu-activated sphalerite.The depression mechanism of PAPA was revealed by contact angle measurements,Zeta potential measurements,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)analysis and inductively coupled plasma(ICP)measurement.The micro-flotation tests with single minerals showed that PAPA selectively depressed Cu-activated sphalerite,while chalcopyrite remained floatable.Moreover,a concentrate containing 31.40%Cu with a recovery of 92.43%was obtained in flotation tests of artificially mixed minerals.Results of contact angle measurements,Zeta potential measurements and FT-IR spectrum revealed that PAPA exerted a much stronger adsorption on Cu-activated sphalerite surface than on chalcopyrite surface,preventing the further adsorption of sodium diethyl dithiocarbamate(DDTC)on its surface.ICP measurements indicated that PAPA had an excellent complexing ability with Cu^(2+)in flotation pulp,weakening the activation of Cu species on sphalerite surface and producing selective depression.

Selective depression mechanism of combination of lime and sodium humate on arsenopyrite in flotation separation of Zn-As bulk concentrate

Lime(CaO)and sodium humate(NaHA)were used as the combined depressant for arsenopyrite pre-treated by CuSO_(4) and butyl xanthate.Micro-flotation tests show that the combined depressant CaO and NaHA achieved the selective depression of arsenopyrite.Closed-circuit lab-scale test results indicate that the synergistic effect of CaO+NaHA achieved a satisfactory flotation separation of sphalerite and arsenopyrite,for which the Zn grade and recovery of Zn concentrate were 51.21%and 92.21%,respectively.Contact angle measurements,adsorption amount measurements and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis indicate that the dissolved calcium species(mainly as Ca(2+))were adsorbed on the mineral surfaces,thereby promoting NaHA adsorption.Moreover,the surface of the arsenopyrite absorbed more amount of calcium species and NaHA than that of the sphalerite,thereby accounting for the strong hydrophilic surface of arsenopyrite.The adsorption of NaHA on arsenopyrite was mainly chemical adsorption through its carboxyl groups and Ca atoms,whereas that on sphalerite surface was relatively weak.

聚醚酰亚胺对共聚双马来酰亚胺树脂的增韧作用

采用二烯丙基双酚A、烯丙基酚醛改性4,4'-二氨基二苯甲烷双马来酰亚胺共聚制备了一类新型的双马来酰亚胺树脂(简称ABD)。以ABD为基体,选用热塑性树脂聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)为增韧剂,采用共混法制备了共聚双马来酰亚胺/聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)树脂体系。采用DSC和流变仪对ABD树脂的固化行为进行了研究,结果表明,该树脂粘度较低,室温下为液态,树脂的冲击强度为8.99 kJ/m2。通过DMA、TGA和扫描电镜对PEI加入量对树脂热性能和微观形貌的影响表明,添加质量分数为15%聚醚酰亚胺时,树脂冲击强度达到16.9 kJ/m2,比基体树脂提高了88%。