TOR(target of rapamycin)是真核细胞中一种高度保守的与磷脂酰肌醇激酶相关的蛋白激酶(PIKK),它是免疫抑制剂/抗癌药物雷帕霉素(rapamycin)的靶物质。TOR是细胞生长的中枢控制因子,外界营养因素通过TOR的作用控制酵母、果蝇和哺乳动物...TOR(target of rapamycin)是真核细胞中一种高度保守的与磷脂酰肌醇激酶相关的蛋白激酶(PIKK),它是免疫抑制剂/抗癌药物雷帕霉素(rapamycin)的靶物质。TOR是细胞生长的中枢控制因子,外界营养因素通过TOR的作用控制酵母、果蝇和哺乳动物细胞的生长。TOR根据细胞环境的营养条件做出相应的应答,参与调控蛋白激酶和蛋白磷酸酯酶的活性,从而控制与蛋白质合成和基因转录相关基因的表达。现对酵母细胞中TOR信号转导途径的研究进行简明的阐述。展开更多
内质网应激激活的未折叠蛋白反应(Unfolded protein response,UPR)途径在酿酒酵母和哺乳动物细胞中是非常保守的。内质网(Endoplasmic reticulum,ER)是蛋白质合成、折叠和修饰的细胞器,也是贮存钙的主要场所之一。酵母细胞内质网钙平衡...内质网应激激活的未折叠蛋白反应(Unfolded protein response,UPR)途径在酿酒酵母和哺乳动物细胞中是非常保守的。内质网(Endoplasmic reticulum,ER)是蛋白质合成、折叠和修饰的细胞器,也是贮存钙的主要场所之一。酵母细胞内质网钙平衡与UPR的作用是相互的;两个MAPK途径——HOG途径和CWI途径都是细胞应答内质网应激压力时生存所必需的;重金属镉离子能够激活UPR途径,它通过激活钙离子通道Cch1/Mid1进入细胞影响钙离子的功能。本文结合最新研究进展对酿酒酵母细胞中的两个MAPK途径、镉离子和钙离子稳态与内质网应激激活的UPR途径之间相互关系进行综述。展开更多
[Objective] The study aimed to establish a protoplast transformation system in Alternaria tenuissima. [Method] The protoplast of A.tenuissima was firstly prepared by enzymolysis method; then the yielded protoplast was...[Objective] The study aimed to establish a protoplast transformation system in Alternaria tenuissima. [Method] The protoplast of A.tenuissima was firstly prepared by enzymolysis method; then the yielded protoplast was transformed by G418 resistant DNA plasmid using PEG/CaCl2 method. [Result] The growth phenotype and PCR detection showed that resistance gene had integrated into A.tenuissima genome. The transformation efficiency of this method reached per μg DNA 3-4 transformants. After subculture thrice under nonselective condition, G418 resistance could still inherit stably. [Conclusion] The transformation system of A.tenuissima was successfully established, which laid basis for studying of the gene function of Alternaria tenuissima.展开更多
文摘TOR(target of rapamycin)是真核细胞中一种高度保守的与磷脂酰肌醇激酶相关的蛋白激酶(PIKK),它是免疫抑制剂/抗癌药物雷帕霉素(rapamycin)的靶物质。TOR是细胞生长的中枢控制因子,外界营养因素通过TOR的作用控制酵母、果蝇和哺乳动物细胞的生长。TOR根据细胞环境的营养条件做出相应的应答,参与调控蛋白激酶和蛋白磷酸酯酶的活性,从而控制与蛋白质合成和基因转录相关基因的表达。现对酵母细胞中TOR信号转导途径的研究进行简明的阐述。
文摘内质网应激激活的未折叠蛋白反应(Unfolded protein response,UPR)途径在酿酒酵母和哺乳动物细胞中是非常保守的。内质网(Endoplasmic reticulum,ER)是蛋白质合成、折叠和修饰的细胞器,也是贮存钙的主要场所之一。酵母细胞内质网钙平衡与UPR的作用是相互的;两个MAPK途径——HOG途径和CWI途径都是细胞应答内质网应激压力时生存所必需的;重金属镉离子能够激活UPR途径,它通过激活钙离子通道Cch1/Mid1进入细胞影响钙离子的功能。本文结合最新研究进展对酿酒酵母细胞中的两个MAPK途径、镉离子和钙离子稳态与内质网应激激活的UPR途径之间相互关系进行综述。
文摘[Objective] The study aimed to establish a protoplast transformation system in Alternaria tenuissima. [Method] The protoplast of A.tenuissima was firstly prepared by enzymolysis method; then the yielded protoplast was transformed by G418 resistant DNA plasmid using PEG/CaCl2 method. [Result] The growth phenotype and PCR detection showed that resistance gene had integrated into A.tenuissima genome. The transformation efficiency of this method reached per μg DNA 3-4 transformants. After subculture thrice under nonselective condition, G418 resistance could still inherit stably. [Conclusion] The transformation system of A.tenuissima was successfully established, which laid basis for studying of the gene function of Alternaria tenuissima.
