第二国际时期“经济决定论”思潮的产生与流变

“经济决定论”即“经济唯物主义”作为与历史唯物主义相伴而生的产物首次出现于第二国际时期。其原本只是拉法格对马克思历史理论的术语指称,后被巴尔特等反马克思主义者加以利用,其意在污蔑马克思主义主张经济决定一切。在经过第二国际一个时期的发展后,“经济决定论”概念内涵得以扩大并成为我们当今所理解的“经济决定论”,即机械地解读唯物史观以至过分强调经济决定作用与经济必然性,其指向对象也不再只是反马克思主义者,而是指所有机械强调经济决定作用的人。“Economic Determinism” also known as “Economic Materialism”, first emerged during the Second International period as a concept that developed alongside Historical Materialism. Initially, it was merely a term used by Lafargue to describe Marx’s historical theory. However, it was later exploited by anti-Marxists such as Barth, who used it to slander Marxism for allegedly asserting that the economy determines everything. After a period of development within the Second International, the connotation of the concept of “Economic Determinism” expanded to become what we understand today: a mechanical interpretation of historical materialism that overemphasizes the role of economic determinism and inevitability. The term now refers not only to anti-Marxists but to anyone who mechanically emphasizes the determining role of the economy.

多功能远程路灯控制装置的设计与实现

路灯是城市建设中重要的公用设施,是城市形象的重要标志。随着社会的不断发展,我国城市路灯照明系统随着城市的发展而不断扩大。由于路灯分布范围广,人工管理落后,造成路灯故障率高,路灯电缆被盗严重等问题日益突出,造成严重社会影响。传统的路灯照明系统的控制方式存在效率低、成本高、无法监控等问题,已经无法满足现代化城市的需要。因此,研制一套功能完备的路灯控制系统具有非常重要意义。文章描述的路灯控制装置能通过GSM通信的方式,远程控制路灯和实时上传电能参数,具有电缆防盗和故障路灯定位等功能。