山西翅果油树上三种重要鳞翅目害虫的形态和分子鉴定及生活史观察

【目的】明确山西翅果油树Elaeagnus mollis上发生危害的3种鳞翅目害虫形态鉴定特征及生活史特性,并基于mtDNA COI基因DNA条形码对这3个种进行快速物种识别鉴定。【方法】通过观察山西翅果油树上3种鳞翅目害虫成虫外部形态和解剖拍照雌、雄性外生殖器特征,利用PCR扩增对待测样本COI基因DNA条形码序列进行测定,与GenBank数据库中同源序列进行比对,基于COI基因DNA条形码序列构建邻接树(neighbor-joining,NJ),结合形态学研究结果对这3种鳞翅目害虫开展种类鉴定。【结果】形态学鉴定结果表明,危害山西翅果油树的3种鳞翅目害虫为榆兴透翅蛾Synanthedon ulmicola、兴透翅蛾Synanthedon sp.和斜纹小卷蛾Apotomis sp.。对这3个种的外部形态和雌、雄性外生殖器鉴别特征进行了描述和绘图。DNA条形码序列比对分析结果显示,榆兴透翅蛾与GenBank数据库中Synanthedon sequoiae的COI基因核苷酸序列一致性为90.7%,兴透翅蛾与GenBank数据库中Synanthedon spheciformis的COI基因核苷酸序列一致性为90.0%,斜纹小卷蛾与GenBank数据库中Apotomis capreana的COI基因核苷酸序列一致性为92.7%,NJ树聚类分析结果显示3个种分别形成明显的单系分支,与形态学和序列比对鉴定结果相吻合。【结论】本研究基于形态学鉴定和COI基因DNA条形码分子鉴定明确了危害山西翅果油树的3种鳞翅目害虫——榆兴透翅蛾、兴透翅蛾和斜纹小卷蛾,并提供了3个种的形态鉴定特征、生活史资料,为重要经济树种翅果油树的害虫防治提供了理论依据和科学资料。

A new species in the genus Synanthedon(Lepidoptera:Sesiidae)from China

A new species,Synanthedon elaeagnus sp.nov.feeding on Elaeagnus mollis,is described from Shanxi,China.This new species is similar to Synanthedon ulmicola Yang&Wang,1989 in general morphology,but it differs from this latter species by features of the forewing,female and male genitalia.Neighbor-joining and maximum likelihood analysis both recover Synanthedon elaeagnus sp.nov.as a well-supported monophyletic lineage with a high support value based on COI gene sequences.The key features of this new species are illustrated.