A dispersion interferometer(DI)has been installed and operates on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST).This DI system utilizes a continuous-wave 9.3μm CO_(2)laser source to measure line-averaged el...A dispersion interferometer(DI)has been installed and operates on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST).This DI system utilizes a continuous-wave 9.3μm CO_(2)laser source to measure line-averaged electron densities accurately.In contrast to conventional interferometers,the DI does not require substantial vibration isolations or compensating systems to reduce the impact of vibrations in the optical path.It also employs a ratio of modulation amplitudes,ensuring it remains immune to the variations in detected intensities.Without a variation compensation system,the DI system on EAST reaches a density resolution of less than1.8×10^(-2)πrad and a temporal resolution of 20μs.The measurements made by the POlarimeterINTerferometer(POINT)system and the far-infrared hydrogen cyanide(HCN)interferometer are remarkably consistent with the DI’s results.The possibility of fringe jumps and the impact of refraction in high-density discharge can be significantly decreased using a shorter wavelength laser source.A rapid density change of 3×10^(19)m^(-3)during 0.15 s has been measured accurately in shot No.114755 of EAST.Additionally,the DI system demonstrates dependability and stability under 305 s long-pulse discharges in shot No.122054.展开更多
目的观察脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)损伤大鼠黑质(substantia nigra,SN)后迷走神经背核(dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus,DMV)中酪氨酸羟化酶(tyrosine hydroxylase,TH)和多巴胺受体1(dopamine receptor 1,DR1)和多巴胺受体2(do...目的观察脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)损伤大鼠黑质(substantia nigra,SN)后迷走神经背核(dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus,DMV)中酪氨酸羟化酶(tyrosine hydroxylase,TH)和多巴胺受体1(dopamine receptor 1,DR1)和多巴胺受体2(dopamine receptor 2,DR2)的表达变化。方法 30只SD大鼠根据随机数字表分为LPS大鼠组和对照组。LPS大鼠组双侧SN内注射LPS,对照组双侧SN内注射等体积的生理盐水。6周后进行转棒实验,检测胃排空能力,免疫荧光和免疫印迹检测SN内TH和DMV内TH、DR1和DR2的表达。结果经鉴定LPS组大鼠造模成功,胃排空能力降低,DMV中TH阳性细胞数量从(7±3)个增加到(12±2)个(P<0.05),DR1阳性细胞数量从(28±5)个减少到(18±6)个(P<0.05),DR2阳性细胞数量从(20±3)个增加到(33±4)个(P<0.05)。背侧延髓内,TH蛋白表达水平从(0.16±0.02)增多到(0.43±0.04)(P<0.05),DR1的蛋白表达水平从(0.78±0.05)下降至(0.36±0.03)(P<0.05),DR2的蛋白表达水平从(0.43±0.03)增加至(0.58±0.07)(P<0.05)。结论 LPS大鼠DMV中TH、DR1和DR2表达变化可能与帕金森病患者的胃排空障碍存在一定的联系。展开更多
基金supported by the Comprehensive Research Facility for Fusion Technology Program of China(No.2018-000052-7301-001228)the Major Special Science and Technology Project of Anhui Province(No.912188707023)。
文摘A dispersion interferometer(DI)has been installed and operates on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST).This DI system utilizes a continuous-wave 9.3μm CO_(2)laser source to measure line-averaged electron densities accurately.In contrast to conventional interferometers,the DI does not require substantial vibration isolations or compensating systems to reduce the impact of vibrations in the optical path.It also employs a ratio of modulation amplitudes,ensuring it remains immune to the variations in detected intensities.Without a variation compensation system,the DI system on EAST reaches a density resolution of less than1.8×10^(-2)πrad and a temporal resolution of 20μs.The measurements made by the POlarimeterINTerferometer(POINT)system and the far-infrared hydrogen cyanide(HCN)interferometer are remarkably consistent with the DI’s results.The possibility of fringe jumps and the impact of refraction in high-density discharge can be significantly decreased using a shorter wavelength laser source.A rapid density change of 3×10^(19)m^(-3)during 0.15 s has been measured accurately in shot No.114755 of EAST.Additionally,the DI system demonstrates dependability and stability under 305 s long-pulse discharges in shot No.122054.
文摘目的观察脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)损伤大鼠黑质(substantia nigra,SN)后迷走神经背核(dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus,DMV)中酪氨酸羟化酶(tyrosine hydroxylase,TH)和多巴胺受体1(dopamine receptor 1,DR1)和多巴胺受体2(dopamine receptor 2,DR2)的表达变化。方法 30只SD大鼠根据随机数字表分为LPS大鼠组和对照组。LPS大鼠组双侧SN内注射LPS,对照组双侧SN内注射等体积的生理盐水。6周后进行转棒实验,检测胃排空能力,免疫荧光和免疫印迹检测SN内TH和DMV内TH、DR1和DR2的表达。结果经鉴定LPS组大鼠造模成功,胃排空能力降低,DMV中TH阳性细胞数量从(7±3)个增加到(12±2)个(P<0.05),DR1阳性细胞数量从(28±5)个减少到(18±6)个(P<0.05),DR2阳性细胞数量从(20±3)个增加到(33±4)个(P<0.05)。背侧延髓内,TH蛋白表达水平从(0.16±0.02)增多到(0.43±0.04)(P<0.05),DR1的蛋白表达水平从(0.78±0.05)下降至(0.36±0.03)(P<0.05),DR2的蛋白表达水平从(0.43±0.03)增加至(0.58±0.07)(P<0.05)。结论 LPS大鼠DMV中TH、DR1和DR2表达变化可能与帕金森病患者的胃排空障碍存在一定的联系。
