AIM: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of Xuesaitong injection in cerebral ischemic patients are investigated in order to optimize dosage regimen of multiple constituent TCM in clinic. METHODS: 63 patients ...AIM: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of Xuesaitong injection in cerebral ischemic patients are investigated in order to optimize dosage regimen of multiple constituent TCM in clinic. METHODS: 63 patients were studied in our protocol. Enumeration and measurement data of all patients were collected during our experiment. Blood samples were collected for two times at different time after intravenous infusion Xuesaitong injection at the dosage of 800 mg/kg for two weeks. Concentration of Xuesaitong injection in plasma, prothrombin time(PT), thrombin time(TT), activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT)and fibrinogen(Fib) were determined. NONMEM and SAAMⅡ were employed for the simulation of PPK parameters and time-course fitting of Xuesaitong injection in cerebral ischemic patients. RESULTS: Population pharmacokinetic (PPK) parameters of Xuesaitong injection obtained as follow: CL1: 1.5 L·h-1·kg-1, CL2: 13.0 L·h-1·kg-1, k10: 0.1136/h, k12: 0.9848/h, k21: 0.2057/h. Inter-individual variability were 36.3%, 17.8%, 1.0% and 60.3%. Residual variability was 8.67%. Age, stature, gender of patients showed no correlation with the prolong ratio of PT(PT%), TT(TT%), APTT(APTT%) and inhibit ratio of Fib(Fib%) whereas dosage (weight), infusion ratio and concentration of Xuesaitong injection in plasma were marked correlation to PT%, TT%, APTT% and Fib%. Correlation coefficient between dosage, infusion ratio, plasma concentration to PT%, TT%, APTT% and Fib% were 0.598, 0.551, 0.590, 0.505; 0.204, 0.401, 0.348, 0.403 and 0.560, 0.436, 0.593, 0.351, respectively. P value was less than 0.01 or 0.05. Best pharmacological effect obtained when Xuesaitong injection was administered as follow: Dosage was of 12.0-17.0 mg/kg, infusion ratio was of 10.0-18.0 mg/min and plasma concentration was of 25.0-35.0 μg/mL. Time course of Xuesaitong injection in cerebral ischemic patients was successfully predicted and simulated results suggested that better effects were obtained at the dosage of 800-1 200 mg/d than 200-400 mg/d. AUC 800-1 200 mg/d over the concentration range of 15-40 μg/mL in plasma was 32.99-77.33 mg·L-1·h when the infusion ratio of Xuesaitong injection was 10-14 mg/min whereas nothing or little at the dosage of 200-400 mg/d. CONCLUSION: Multiple constituent TCM population pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles are successfully evaluated in cerebral ischemic patients. It gives us some information for the dosage regimen optimization in clinic for increasing therapeutic effect and reducing toxic reaction of multiple constituent TCM.展开更多
K-Ras是Ras基因家族中的一员,在细胞生存、增殖和分化过程中发挥重要作用.当Ras基因发生突变时,其表达的Ras蛋白可能被过度激活,从而导致肿瘤的产生和发展.胰腺癌中K-Ras的突变频率较高,但其对胰腺癌化疗药物药效的影响尚不明确.本文以p...K-Ras是Ras基因家族中的一员,在细胞生存、增殖和分化过程中发挥重要作用.当Ras基因发生突变时,其表达的Ras蛋白可能被过度激活,从而导致肿瘤的产生和发展.胰腺癌中K-Ras的突变频率较高,但其对胰腺癌化疗药物药效的影响尚不明确.本文以p Ac GFP1-C3质粒为载体构建了含有5种不同基因型K-Ras序列的重组质粒,分别为野生型和G12V,G12R,G12D,G13D 4种突变型.将上述重组质粒转入人胰腺癌Bxpc-3细胞株并筛得稳转株.结果显示,转染野生型和突变型K-Ras的细胞株具有相似的生长速度,且细胞中K-Ras-GFP融合蛋白的表达量也一致.药效学研究显示,转染突变型K-Ras基因的细胞对吉非替尼、5-氟尿嘧啶、多西他赛和吉西他滨的药物敏感性降低,而对厄罗替尼和顺铂的药效则无显著影响,这可能与转染突变型K-Ras基因的细胞中K-Ras下游信号p-Akt和p-Erk的水平升高有关.此外,转染不同突变型K-Ras导致的药效及p-Akt,p-Erk的表达变化也不同.体外研究结果表明,K-Ras突变细胞对多种化疗药物的药效敏感性降低,同时不同突变型细胞之间药效也有差异,该结果有待进一步深入研究.展开更多
文摘AIM: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of Xuesaitong injection in cerebral ischemic patients are investigated in order to optimize dosage regimen of multiple constituent TCM in clinic. METHODS: 63 patients were studied in our protocol. Enumeration and measurement data of all patients were collected during our experiment. Blood samples were collected for two times at different time after intravenous infusion Xuesaitong injection at the dosage of 800 mg/kg for two weeks. Concentration of Xuesaitong injection in plasma, prothrombin time(PT), thrombin time(TT), activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT)and fibrinogen(Fib) were determined. NONMEM and SAAMⅡ were employed for the simulation of PPK parameters and time-course fitting of Xuesaitong injection in cerebral ischemic patients. RESULTS: Population pharmacokinetic (PPK) parameters of Xuesaitong injection obtained as follow: CL1: 1.5 L·h-1·kg-1, CL2: 13.0 L·h-1·kg-1, k10: 0.1136/h, k12: 0.9848/h, k21: 0.2057/h. Inter-individual variability were 36.3%, 17.8%, 1.0% and 60.3%. Residual variability was 8.67%. Age, stature, gender of patients showed no correlation with the prolong ratio of PT(PT%), TT(TT%), APTT(APTT%) and inhibit ratio of Fib(Fib%) whereas dosage (weight), infusion ratio and concentration of Xuesaitong injection in plasma were marked correlation to PT%, TT%, APTT% and Fib%. Correlation coefficient between dosage, infusion ratio, plasma concentration to PT%, TT%, APTT% and Fib% were 0.598, 0.551, 0.590, 0.505; 0.204, 0.401, 0.348, 0.403 and 0.560, 0.436, 0.593, 0.351, respectively. P value was less than 0.01 or 0.05. Best pharmacological effect obtained when Xuesaitong injection was administered as follow: Dosage was of 12.0-17.0 mg/kg, infusion ratio was of 10.0-18.0 mg/min and plasma concentration was of 25.0-35.0 μg/mL. Time course of Xuesaitong injection in cerebral ischemic patients was successfully predicted and simulated results suggested that better effects were obtained at the dosage of 800-1 200 mg/d than 200-400 mg/d. AUC 800-1 200 mg/d over the concentration range of 15-40 μg/mL in plasma was 32.99-77.33 mg·L-1·h when the infusion ratio of Xuesaitong injection was 10-14 mg/min whereas nothing or little at the dosage of 200-400 mg/d. CONCLUSION: Multiple constituent TCM population pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles are successfully evaluated in cerebral ischemic patients. It gives us some information for the dosage regimen optimization in clinic for increasing therapeutic effect and reducing toxic reaction of multiple constituent TCM.
文摘K-Ras是Ras基因家族中的一员,在细胞生存、增殖和分化过程中发挥重要作用.当Ras基因发生突变时,其表达的Ras蛋白可能被过度激活,从而导致肿瘤的产生和发展.胰腺癌中K-Ras的突变频率较高,但其对胰腺癌化疗药物药效的影响尚不明确.本文以p Ac GFP1-C3质粒为载体构建了含有5种不同基因型K-Ras序列的重组质粒,分别为野生型和G12V,G12R,G12D,G13D 4种突变型.将上述重组质粒转入人胰腺癌Bxpc-3细胞株并筛得稳转株.结果显示,转染野生型和突变型K-Ras的细胞株具有相似的生长速度,且细胞中K-Ras-GFP融合蛋白的表达量也一致.药效学研究显示,转染突变型K-Ras基因的细胞对吉非替尼、5-氟尿嘧啶、多西他赛和吉西他滨的药物敏感性降低,而对厄罗替尼和顺铂的药效则无显著影响,这可能与转染突变型K-Ras基因的细胞中K-Ras下游信号p-Akt和p-Erk的水平升高有关.此外,转染不同突变型K-Ras导致的药效及p-Akt,p-Erk的表达变化也不同.体外研究结果表明,K-Ras突变细胞对多种化疗药物的药效敏感性降低,同时不同突变型细胞之间药效也有差异,该结果有待进一步深入研究.
