马克思恩格斯逝世后,有关马克思主义辩证法是“自然辩证法”还是“历史辩证法”的形态争论导致了西方马克思主义者所制造“马恩对立论”幻象的产生与流行。自第二国际正统马克思主义延续至苏联教科书体系的辩证唯物主义与历史唯物主义...马克思恩格斯逝世后,有关马克思主义辩证法是“自然辩证法”还是“历史辩证法”的形态争论导致了西方马克思主义者所制造“马恩对立论”幻象的产生与流行。自第二国际正统马克思主义延续至苏联教科书体系的辩证唯物主义与历史唯物主义二分体系以物质本体论为支撑,将马克思主义辩证法理解为以物质自然为载体的自然辩证法;以卢卡奇为代表的早期西方马克思主义则反对教科书体系下的辩证唯物主义“推广应用说”,主张复归到马克思主义哲学的黑格尔因素,认为马克思主义辩证法乃是关注社会历史领域的历史辩证法。西方马克思主义对教条化马克思主义的批判重新开显出马克思主义哲学主体性、革命性的维度,亦同时使“马克思反对恩格斯”“恩格斯背叛马克思”的错误争端流行开来。要真正破除“马恩对立论”的幻象,就必须明确马克思主义的辩证法乃是在人类史与自然史相统一前提下基于实践化劳动建构的感性现实辩证法。After the death of Marx and Engels, the debate over whether Marxist dialectics was a dialectics of nature or a dialectics of history led to the emergence and popularity of the illusion of Marx-Engels Antithesis created by Western Marxists. The dichotomy of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, which continued from the orthodox Marxism of the Second International to the Soviet textbook system, is supported by material ontology and understands Marxist dialectics as the natural dialectics with material nature as the carrier represented by Lukács The early Western Marxism opposed the promotion and application theory of dialectical materialism under the textbook system, advocated a return to the Hegelian elements of Marxist philosophy and believed that Marxist dialectics is a historical dialectics that focuses on the field of social history. Western Marxism’s criticism of dogmatic Marxism has reopened the subjective and revolutionary dimensions of Marxist philosophy, making the erroneous disputes of Marx against Engels and Engels betrayed Marx popular. To truly break the illusion of Marx and Engels’ Antithesis, we must clarify that Marxist dialectics is a dialectics of perceptual reality based on practical labor construction on the premise of the unity of human and natural history.展开更多
本文以马克思劳动自由思想为主线,首先对马克思劳动自由思想的理论渊源进行了系统梳理,阐述了马克思劳动自由思想对英国古典政治经济学、德国古典哲学、空想社会主义的继承与批判。其次,立足唯物史观,论述了马克思劳动自由思想的基本内...本文以马克思劳动自由思想为主线,首先对马克思劳动自由思想的理论渊源进行了系统梳理,阐述了马克思劳动自由思想对英国古典政治经济学、德国古典哲学、空想社会主义的继承与批判。其次,立足唯物史观,论述了马克思劳动自由思想的基本内涵,阐明劳动是人的本质特性、劳动自由是对异化劳动的扬弃并表现为人的个性自由。最后,将马克思劳动自由思想与中国特色社会主义劳动实践相结合,阐发马克思劳动自由思想的现实启示。Based on Marx’s thought on freedom of labor, this paper first systematically sorts out the theoretical origin of Marx’s thought on freedom of labor and expounds the inheritance and criticism of Marx’s thought on freedom of labor to British classical political economy, German classical philosophy, and utopian socialism. Secondly, based on historical materialism, this paper expounds on the basic connotation of Marx’s thought on freedom of labor. It clarifies that labor is the essential characteristic of human beings and that labor freedom is the renunciation of alienated labor and manifests itself as the freedom of human individuality. Finally, this paper combines Marx’s thoughts on labor freedom with the practice of socialist labor with Chinese characteristics and expounds on the practical enlightenment of Marx’s thoughts on labor freedom.展开更多
文摘马克思恩格斯逝世后,有关马克思主义辩证法是“自然辩证法”还是“历史辩证法”的形态争论导致了西方马克思主义者所制造“马恩对立论”幻象的产生与流行。自第二国际正统马克思主义延续至苏联教科书体系的辩证唯物主义与历史唯物主义二分体系以物质本体论为支撑,将马克思主义辩证法理解为以物质自然为载体的自然辩证法;以卢卡奇为代表的早期西方马克思主义则反对教科书体系下的辩证唯物主义“推广应用说”,主张复归到马克思主义哲学的黑格尔因素,认为马克思主义辩证法乃是关注社会历史领域的历史辩证法。西方马克思主义对教条化马克思主义的批判重新开显出马克思主义哲学主体性、革命性的维度,亦同时使“马克思反对恩格斯”“恩格斯背叛马克思”的错误争端流行开来。要真正破除“马恩对立论”的幻象,就必须明确马克思主义的辩证法乃是在人类史与自然史相统一前提下基于实践化劳动建构的感性现实辩证法。After the death of Marx and Engels, the debate over whether Marxist dialectics was a dialectics of nature or a dialectics of history led to the emergence and popularity of the illusion of Marx-Engels Antithesis created by Western Marxists. The dichotomy of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, which continued from the orthodox Marxism of the Second International to the Soviet textbook system, is supported by material ontology and understands Marxist dialectics as the natural dialectics with material nature as the carrier represented by Lukács The early Western Marxism opposed the promotion and application theory of dialectical materialism under the textbook system, advocated a return to the Hegelian elements of Marxist philosophy and believed that Marxist dialectics is a historical dialectics that focuses on the field of social history. Western Marxism’s criticism of dogmatic Marxism has reopened the subjective and revolutionary dimensions of Marxist philosophy, making the erroneous disputes of Marx against Engels and Engels betrayed Marx popular. To truly break the illusion of Marx and Engels’ Antithesis, we must clarify that Marxist dialectics is a dialectics of perceptual reality based on practical labor construction on the premise of the unity of human and natural history.
文摘本文以马克思劳动自由思想为主线,首先对马克思劳动自由思想的理论渊源进行了系统梳理,阐述了马克思劳动自由思想对英国古典政治经济学、德国古典哲学、空想社会主义的继承与批判。其次,立足唯物史观,论述了马克思劳动自由思想的基本内涵,阐明劳动是人的本质特性、劳动自由是对异化劳动的扬弃并表现为人的个性自由。最后,将马克思劳动自由思想与中国特色社会主义劳动实践相结合,阐发马克思劳动自由思想的现实启示。Based on Marx’s thought on freedom of labor, this paper first systematically sorts out the theoretical origin of Marx’s thought on freedom of labor and expounds the inheritance and criticism of Marx’s thought on freedom of labor to British classical political economy, German classical philosophy, and utopian socialism. Secondly, based on historical materialism, this paper expounds on the basic connotation of Marx’s thought on freedom of labor. It clarifies that labor is the essential characteristic of human beings and that labor freedom is the renunciation of alienated labor and manifests itself as the freedom of human individuality. Finally, this paper combines Marx’s thoughts on labor freedom with the practice of socialist labor with Chinese characteristics and expounds on the practical enlightenment of Marx’s thoughts on labor freedom.