一株水华鱼腥藻溶藻菌的分离鉴定及菌藻关系初探

[目的]研究溶藻特性及菌藻关系,为进一步研究溶藻细菌对水华的治理作用提供帮助。[方法]从富营养化水体中分离得到一株有高效溶藻效果的菌株(S7),研究了其对水华鱼腥藻(Anabaena flosaquae)的抑制效果、作用方式和不同环境因子对溶藻效果的影响,以及菌藻关系,并对菌株进行了菌体Poly-p染色、革兰氏染色和分子鉴定。[结果]菌株投加量为藻液量的30%时,7 d叶绿素a的去除率达到90%以上。pH为9、温度35℃下藻的去除率最高。S7菌株与水华鱼腥藻形成竞争共栖的生态关系,并通过分泌溶藻物质间接抑制水华鱼腥藻生长,且该物质具有一定的热稳定性。根据生理生化及16S rDNA序列分析鉴定,S7属于金黄杆菌属(Chryseobacteriumsp.)。[结论]该菌对水华鱼腥藻有较强的溶藻效果,且为聚磷菌。

Identification of an Algae-lysing Bacterium of Anabaena flosaquae and Primary Research on Their Relationship

[Objective] The aim was to explore the relationship between alage-lysing bacterium and Anabaena flosaquae so as to provide reference for the control of bloom. [Method] An algae-lysing bacterium strain named S7 was isolated from eu- trophic river. The lyric efficiency and performing mode of S7 strain to Anabaena flos- aquae was studied. Influence of different environmental factors and the relationship between S7 strain and Anabaena flosaquae was also studied, and then the bacteri- um strain was physiologically identified. [Result] More than 90% of Anabaena flos- aquae had been removed by 7 d when the volume ratio of medium to algae solu- tion was 30%, the pH was 9 and the temperature was 35 ℃. These results also showed that a mutual inhibit relationship existed between S7 strain and Anabaena flos-aquae. The S7 strain killed the algae by indirectly through certain lyric agents in absence of direct contact with the target but by secreting metabolites. Moreover, these lyric agents also had the thermostability. 16SrDNA sequence analysis showed that S7 strain belonged to Chryseobacterium sp. [Conclusion] The examined Poly-p proved that S7 strain is polyphosphate accumulating bacteria （PAOs） and has better lyric efficiency.

响应曲面法优化溶藻细菌发酵条件的研究

[目的]为探讨溶藻细菌对水华蓝藻的去除效应,为溶藻细菌规模化发酵提供理论基础和技术依据,对一株溶藻细菌R2的发酵条件进行了优化。[方法]采用响应曲面法对该试验室分离的一株溶藻细菌R2的发酵条件进行了优化。首先通过全因子试验分析了培养温度、初始pH、摇床转速、装液量、接种量对溶藻细菌生长的影响;用最陡爬坡实验逼近最大响应区域,利用中心组合设计及响应面分析确定主要影响因子的最佳水平。[结果]确定的溶藻细菌R2最优化发酵条件为:温度31.8℃、pH 7.21、摇床转速180 r/m in、装液量60%、接种量10%。在优化的发酵条件下,培养24 h溶藻细菌OD600增加值可达2.310。在优化条件下发酵的溶藻细菌进行溶藻效果检测,72 h后铜绿微囊藻叶绿素a去除率达78%。[结论]采用响应曲面法能够有效的优化溶藻细菌的发酵条件,在最优化发酵条件下溶藻细菌生长情况良好,其溶藻效应也可达到一定水平。