采用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料、NOAA全球海温重建资料及CPC的ENSO指数和CMAP降水资料,从南北半球环流协同变化的角度,利用SVD（Singular Value Decomposition）方法揭示了南北半球环流同时变化的主要模态及其与ENSO的联系。结果表明：存在...采用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料、NOAA全球海温重建资料及CPC的ENSO指数和CMAP降水资料,从南北半球环流协同变化的角度,利用SVD（Singular Value Decomposition）方法揭示了南北半球环流同时变化的主要模态及其与ENSO的联系。结果表明：存在南北半球的同时变化模态（BHCM）,其可由海平面气压场（SLP）的SVD分析的第一模态（SVD1）表示。BHCM可解释南北半球SLP总协方差的57.36%,且其存在显著的3~5年变化周期及长期趋势。SVD1揭示的长期趋势显示出海表气压异常在赤道中东太平洋升高而在西太平洋及热带印度洋地区下降,利于1998年后异常东风加强,不利于El Ni？o事件的频繁发生。BHCM的空间分布在热带地区关于赤道大致对称,而在北半球中纬度纬向扰动非常明显,在南半球则与AAO密切相关。在年际时间尺度上,此模态与ENSO存在紧密联系。赤道海温异常可强迫南北半球大气作出响应,反过来,南北半球环流的共同变化亦可能对El Ni？o/La Ni？a事件产生影响。北半球冬季时,与BHCM相关的全球降水和气温存在显著异常,当BHCM处于正位相,中国东部及东亚其他区域降水偏少、气温偏低。这些结果有助于人们进一步加深对南北半球环流相互作用变化规律和机理的认识。展开更多
By employing the singular value decomposition(SVD) analysis, we have investigated in the present paper the covariations between circulation changes in the Northern(NH) and Southern Hemispheres(SH) and their associatio...By employing the singular value decomposition(SVD) analysis, we have investigated in the present paper the covariations between circulation changes in the Northern(NH) and Southern Hemispheres(SH) and their associations with ENSO by using the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis, the reconstructed monthly NOAA SST, and CMAP precipitation along with NOAA Climate Prediction Center(CPC) ENSO indices. A bi-hemispheric covariation mode(hereafter BHCM) is explored, which is well represented by the first mode of the SVD analysis of sea surface pressure anomaly(SLPA-SVD1). This SVD mode can explain 57.36% of the total covariance of SLPA. BHCM varies in time with a long-term trend and periodicities of 3—5 years. The long term trend revealed by SVD1 shows that the SLP increases in the equatorial central and eastern Pacific but decreases in the western Pacific and tropical Indian Ocean, which facilitates easterlies in the lower troposphere to be intensified and El Ni觡o events to occur with lower frequency. The spatial pattern of the BHCM looks roughly symmetric about the equator in the tropics, whereas it is characterized by zonal disturbances in the mid-latitude of NH and is highly associated with AAO in the mid-latitude of SH. On inter-annual time scales, the BHCM is highly correlated with ENSO. The atmosphere in both the NH and SH responds to sea surface temperature anomalies in the equatorial region, while the contemporaneous circulation changes in the NH and SH in turn affect the occurrence of El Ni觡o/La Ni觡a. In boreal winter, significant temperature and precipitation anomalies associated with the BHCM are found worldwide. Specifically, in the positive phase of the BHCM,temperature and precipitation are anomalously low in eastern China and some other regions of East Asia. These results are helpful for us to better understand interactions between circulations in the NH and SH and the dynamical mechanisms behind these interactions.展开更多
文摘利用近42 a NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,NOAA(National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration)海表温度,CPC(Climate Prediction Center)降水以及中国台站降水观测资料等,对6-7月西太平洋副热带高压(Western Pacific Subtropical High,WPSH)变动的主要模态和形成原因,及其对中国梅雨期降水分布的影响进行了探讨。结果表明,WPSH主要异常模态依次为全区一致型(Ⅰ),南北异常型(Ⅱ)、东西异常型(Ⅲ)和中心异常型(Ⅳ)。不同异常型的出现受中纬度上游西风带准定常扰动和低纬扰动的不同影响,而后者又与对流层低层大气对不同海温异常型热力强迫响应有关。来自热带中东太平洋的海平面气温异常(Sea Surface Temperature Anomaly,SSTA)信号有利于副热带高压出现第Ⅰ、Ⅱ型异常;第Ⅲ、Ⅳ型异常则分别受海洋性大陆或西北太平洋下垫面热力影响。长江-黄河-日本沿线以及江南和东北地区降水与副热带高压第Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型异常密切联系。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(4133042541175062)
文摘By employing the singular value decomposition(SVD) analysis, we have investigated in the present paper the covariations between circulation changes in the Northern(NH) and Southern Hemispheres(SH) and their associations with ENSO by using the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis, the reconstructed monthly NOAA SST, and CMAP precipitation along with NOAA Climate Prediction Center(CPC) ENSO indices. A bi-hemispheric covariation mode(hereafter BHCM) is explored, which is well represented by the first mode of the SVD analysis of sea surface pressure anomaly(SLPA-SVD1). This SVD mode can explain 57.36% of the total covariance of SLPA. BHCM varies in time with a long-term trend and periodicities of 3—5 years. The long term trend revealed by SVD1 shows that the SLP increases in the equatorial central and eastern Pacific but decreases in the western Pacific and tropical Indian Ocean, which facilitates easterlies in the lower troposphere to be intensified and El Ni觡o events to occur with lower frequency. The spatial pattern of the BHCM looks roughly symmetric about the equator in the tropics, whereas it is characterized by zonal disturbances in the mid-latitude of NH and is highly associated with AAO in the mid-latitude of SH. On inter-annual time scales, the BHCM is highly correlated with ENSO. The atmosphere in both the NH and SH responds to sea surface temperature anomalies in the equatorial region, while the contemporaneous circulation changes in the NH and SH in turn affect the occurrence of El Ni觡o/La Ni觡a. In boreal winter, significant temperature and precipitation anomalies associated with the BHCM are found worldwide. Specifically, in the positive phase of the BHCM,temperature and precipitation are anomalously low in eastern China and some other regions of East Asia. These results are helpful for us to better understand interactions between circulations in the NH and SH and the dynamical mechanisms behind these interactions.
