为了考察药品及个人护理品(Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products,PPCPs)对水生生物及生态环境的影响,以典型的PPCPs化合物卡马西平(Carbamazepine,CBZ)为目标化合物,研究其对普通小球藻(Chlorella)的生长、叶绿素含量、超氧化...为了考察药品及个人护理品(Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products,PPCPs)对水生生物及生态环境的影响,以典型的PPCPs化合物卡马西平(Carbamazepine,CBZ)为目标化合物,研究其对普通小球藻(Chlorella)的生长、叶绿素含量、超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide Dismutase,SOD)活性、过氧化氢酶(Catalase,CAT)活性和丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)含量的影响。结果表明,CBZ对小球藻的96 h半最大效应浓度(EC_(50))为154.42 mg·L^(-1),对小球藻具有一定的毒性作用,能抑制小球藻的生长。CBZ影响小球藻的叶绿素含量,低浓度(0.1 mg·L^(-1))的CBZ对小球藻的叶绿素a和b的含量有抑制作用,使其分别降低到2.16 mg·L^(-1)和0.38 mg·L^(-1),随着CBZ浓度的升高,抑制作用逐渐减弱;小球藻SOD的活性随CBZ浓度的升高表现出先激活后抑制的状态,CAT活性表现出中低浓度激活的状态;CBZ对MDA含量的影响较弱,处理组含量在2.06~2.32 nmol·g^(-1)范围之间,略高于对照组。由冗余分析(RDA)可知,CBZ对小球藻CAT、SOD活性和叶绿素a含量的影响更显著。展开更多
Urban land intensive use is an important indicator in harmonizing the relationship between land supply and demand. The system dynamics(SD) can be used to construct the feedback loop between urban construction land sup...Urban land intensive use is an important indicator in harmonizing the relationship between land supply and demand. The system dynamics(SD) can be used to construct the feedback loop between urban construction land supply and demand and index variable function. Based on this, this study built a supply and demand system dynamic model of urban construction land for Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration. This model can simulate the change trends of supply and demand of construction land, industrial land, and residential land in 2016–2030 by three scenarios of low, medium, and high intensity modes. The results showed that the scale of construction land of urban agglomeration is expanding, with a rapid increase rate for the urban construction land. The scale and speed of land use based on the three intensity modes existed differences. The large scale and supply of construction land in the low intensity mode caused easily the waste of land resources. In high intensity mode, the scale and supply of construction land were reduced against the healthy development of new-type urbanization. In the medium intensity mode, the scale and supply of land use adapted to the socio-economic development and at the same time reflected the concept of modern urban development. In addition, the results of this study found that the proportion of industrial land in construction land ranged from 15% to 21%, which increased year by year in the low intensity mode, and decreased slowly and stabilized in medium and high intensity modes. The proportion of residential land in construction land ranged from 27% to 35%, which decreased in the low and the medium intensity modes, and maintained a high level in the higher intensity mode. This study contributes to provide scientific reference for decision-making optimization of land supply and demand, urban planning, and land supply-side reform.展开更多
文摘为了考察药品及个人护理品(Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products,PPCPs)对水生生物及生态环境的影响,以典型的PPCPs化合物卡马西平(Carbamazepine,CBZ)为目标化合物,研究其对普通小球藻(Chlorella)的生长、叶绿素含量、超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide Dismutase,SOD)活性、过氧化氢酶(Catalase,CAT)活性和丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)含量的影响。结果表明,CBZ对小球藻的96 h半最大效应浓度(EC_(50))为154.42 mg·L^(-1),对小球藻具有一定的毒性作用,能抑制小球藻的生长。CBZ影响小球藻的叶绿素含量,低浓度(0.1 mg·L^(-1))的CBZ对小球藻的叶绿素a和b的含量有抑制作用,使其分别降低到2.16 mg·L^(-1)和0.38 mg·L^(-1),随着CBZ浓度的升高,抑制作用逐渐减弱;小球藻SOD的活性随CBZ浓度的升高表现出先激活后抑制的状态,CAT活性表现出中低浓度激活的状态;CBZ对MDA含量的影响较弱,处理组含量在2.06~2.32 nmol·g^(-1)范围之间,略高于对照组。由冗余分析(RDA)可知,CBZ对小球藻CAT、SOD活性和叶绿素a含量的影响更显著。
基金National Social Science Foundation of China,No.15BJY051Social Science Foundation of Hunan Province,No.16ZDB04,No.13YBA016+2 种基金Research Project of Appraisement Committee of Social Sciences Research Achievements of Hunan Province,No.XSP18ZDI031Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,No.2017JJ2264Science&Technology Research Project of the Department of Land and Resource of Hunan Province,No.2014-13
文摘Urban land intensive use is an important indicator in harmonizing the relationship between land supply and demand. The system dynamics(SD) can be used to construct the feedback loop between urban construction land supply and demand and index variable function. Based on this, this study built a supply and demand system dynamic model of urban construction land for Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration. This model can simulate the change trends of supply and demand of construction land, industrial land, and residential land in 2016–2030 by three scenarios of low, medium, and high intensity modes. The results showed that the scale of construction land of urban agglomeration is expanding, with a rapid increase rate for the urban construction land. The scale and speed of land use based on the three intensity modes existed differences. The large scale and supply of construction land in the low intensity mode caused easily the waste of land resources. In high intensity mode, the scale and supply of construction land were reduced against the healthy development of new-type urbanization. In the medium intensity mode, the scale and supply of land use adapted to the socio-economic development and at the same time reflected the concept of modern urban development. In addition, the results of this study found that the proportion of industrial land in construction land ranged from 15% to 21%, which increased year by year in the low intensity mode, and decreased slowly and stabilized in medium and high intensity modes. The proportion of residential land in construction land ranged from 27% to 35%, which decreased in the low and the medium intensity modes, and maintained a high level in the higher intensity mode. This study contributes to provide scientific reference for decision-making optimization of land supply and demand, urban planning, and land supply-side reform.
