The power conversion efficiency （PCE） of poly（3-hexylthiophene） （P3HT） and [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester （P061BM） based organic solar cells （OSCs） is significantly improved by using benzyl aceta...The power conversion efficiency （PCE） of poly（3-hexylthiophene） （P3HT） and [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester （P061BM） based organic solar cells （OSCs） is significantly improved by using benzyl acetate （BA）, an organic compound without any halogen or sulphur atom, as a processing additive to control the blend morphology. The solar cells show PCE of 3.85% with a fill factor （FF） of 65.22%, which are higher than those of the common thermal annealing device （PCE 3.30%, FF 60.83%）. The overall increased PCE depends upon the enhanced crystallinity of P3HT and good carriers transport, with a high balanced charge carrier mobility.展开更多
二噻吩[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]并吡咯(Dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrrole,DTP)分别与3种受体单元聚合得到聚合物P1~P3,受体单元分别为:吡咯并吡咯二酮(DPP)、二噻吩苯并噁二唑(DTBO)和喹喔啉衍生物(TQ).研究表明,3种聚合物都有较窄的带隙(P1:...二噻吩[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]并吡咯(Dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrrole,DTP)分别与3种受体单元聚合得到聚合物P1~P3,受体单元分别为:吡咯并吡咯二酮(DPP)、二噻吩苯并噁二唑(DTBO)和喹喔啉衍生物(TQ).研究表明,3种聚合物都有较窄的带隙(P1:1.23 e V,P2:1.51 e V,P3:1.50 e V),有利于活性层材料对太阳光的吸收,其中P1获得了最宽的吸收(近1000 nm).将P1~P3与PC71BM共混制备光伏器件,当给受体比例为1∶3时,基于P1的光伏器件短路电流密度(short-circuit current density,JSC)为15.82 m A/cm^2,开路电压(open-circuit voltage,VOC)为0.38 V,能量转化效率(power conversion efficiency,PCE)达到3.33%,为3种聚合物中最高的效率.对于聚合物P2和P3,在给受体比例为1∶2时,光伏性能最好,此时P2与P3的PCE值分别为1.20%和1.37%,导致较低光电转换效率的因素是短路电流密度JSC(P2:9.70 m A/cm^2,P3:9.21 m A/cm^2)和开路电压VOC(约0.3 V)过低.展开更多
The efficiency of the poly（3-hexylthiophene） （P3HT） and [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester （PC61BM） based organic solar cells was enhanced by using 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene （TCB） as a processing additive...The efficiency of the poly（3-hexylthiophene） （P3HT） and [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester （PC61BM） based organic solar cells was enhanced by using 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene （TCB） as a processing additive to control the blend morphology. The addition of TCB improved the arrangement of P3HT which resulted in good phase separated blend films. Correspondingly, the optimized solar cells showed a power conversion efficiency （PCE） of 4.17% with a fill factor （FF） of 0.69, which were higher than those of common thermal annealing devices （PCE 3.84%, FF 0.67）. The efficiency was further improved to 4.74% by thermal annealing at 150 ℃for 10 min with a higher FF of 0.74.展开更多
The refractive indices of thin films based on Kramers-Kronig theory are corrected.And the correction theory is used to determine the optical indices of nano-ZnO thin films prepared by low temperature sol-gel method.Th...The refractive indices of thin films based on Kramers-Kronig theory are corrected.And the correction theory is used to determine the optical indices of nano-ZnO thin films prepared by low temperature sol-gel method.The calculated results indicate that in the visible(Vis) range,the refractive indices of nano-ZnO thin films exhibit a slight abnormal dispersion,while in the ultraviolet(UV) region,the refractive indices increase with wavelengths increasing(normal dispersion).But the refractive indices show complex change near the absorption edge.The maximum refractive index(1.95) of nano-ZnO thin films within UV range at low temperature annealing is much lower than that of the films annealed at high temperature.The absorption and refractive indices are closely related to the defects in nano-ZnO thin films.展开更多
By adjusting pH values of reactant system,the mass ratio of stabilizer/water and aging temperature,size controllable spherical silver nanoparticles(NPs) were synthesized.The properties of silver NPs are characterized ...By adjusting pH values of reactant system,the mass ratio of stabilizer/water and aging temperature,size controllable spherical silver nanoparticles(NPs) were synthesized.The properties of silver NPs are characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electron microscope(TEM) and ultraviolet visible(UV-VIS) absorption spectra.Within the pH values of 7.0—11.0,the aging temperature of 80 °C is better to improve silver NPs in shape to nearly sphere,concentrate size distribution and reduce aggregation than the aging temperature of 25 °C.The shape and dispersibility of silver NPs are the best when the pH of the reactant system is within 7.0—8.0.With pH of 7.5,aging at 80 °C,and stabilizer/water mass ratio of 1%,the spherical silver NPs with sizes of 50—70 nm were synthesized.The results are promising to be used to synthesize core/shell NPs when silver NPs are as core.展开更多
Silver nanoparticles (NPs) of 5-15 nm are synthesized with the reduction of silver nitrate (AgNO3 ) by formaldehyde (HCHO) and using polyethylenemine (PEI) as a stabilizer. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analy...Silver nanoparticles (NPs) of 5-15 nm are synthesized with the reduction of silver nitrate (AgNO3 ) by formaldehyde (HCHO) and using polyethylenemine (PEI) as a stabilizer. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis shows the size of the Ag NPs increases with the increase of HCHO contents. The absorption and emission peaks of the original colloids are red shifted with increasing the size of Ag NPs. The absorption and emission peaks are at 344 nm, 349 nm, 357 nm, 362 nm, 364 nm and 444 nm, 458 nm, 519 nm, 534 nm, 550 nm, respectively. The fluorescence intensities of the silver colloids increase with increasing the NPs size (or the contents of HCHO). With the diluted fold increasing, the fluorescence intensity of the diluted silver colloids increases firstly then decreases. Compared with that of the original silver colloids, the emission peaks are blue shifted. For the diluted silver colloids, when the fluorescence intensity is maximum, the emission peaks are all near 444 nm. The 16-fold diluted silver colloid gets to the maximum emission intensity when the mole ratio of AgNO3 and HCHO is 1:6.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 61405209,61107090,21172187,51273168,20102139 and 51173199the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant Nos 2014CB643501 and 2010DFA52310+3 种基金the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation under Grant No ZR2011BZ007the Key Project of Hunan Province Education Department under Grant No 13A102the Innovation Group and Xiangtan Joint Project of Hunan Natural Science Foundation under Grant Nos 12JJ7002 and 12JJ8001the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department under Grant Nos 11CY023 and 12B123
文摘The power conversion efficiency （PCE） of poly（3-hexylthiophene） （P3HT） and [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester （P061BM） based organic solar cells （OSCs） is significantly improved by using benzyl acetate （BA）, an organic compound without any halogen or sulphur atom, as a processing additive to control the blend morphology. The solar cells show PCE of 3.85% with a fill factor （FF） of 65.22%, which are higher than those of the common thermal annealing device （PCE 3.30%, FF 60.83%）. The overall increased PCE depends upon the enhanced crystallinity of P3HT and good carriers transport, with a high balanced charge carrier mobility.
文摘二噻吩[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]并吡咯(Dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrrole,DTP)分别与3种受体单元聚合得到聚合物P1~P3,受体单元分别为:吡咯并吡咯二酮(DPP)、二噻吩苯并噁二唑(DTBO)和喹喔啉衍生物(TQ).研究表明,3种聚合物都有较窄的带隙(P1:1.23 e V,P2:1.51 e V,P3:1.50 e V),有利于活性层材料对太阳光的吸收,其中P1获得了最宽的吸收(近1000 nm).将P1~P3与PC71BM共混制备光伏器件,当给受体比例为1∶3时,基于P1的光伏器件短路电流密度(short-circuit current density,JSC)为15.82 m A/cm^2,开路电压(open-circuit voltage,VOC)为0.38 V,能量转化效率(power conversion efficiency,PCE)达到3.33%,为3种聚合物中最高的效率.对于聚合物P2和P3,在给受体比例为1∶2时,光伏性能最好,此时P2与P3的PCE值分别为1.20%和1.37%,导致较低光电转换效率的因素是短路电流密度JSC(P2:9.70 m A/cm^2,P3:9.21 m A/cm^2)和开路电压VOC(约0.3 V)过低.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61405209 and 51573205)
文摘The efficiency of the poly（3-hexylthiophene） （P3HT） and [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester （PC61BM） based organic solar cells was enhanced by using 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene （TCB） as a processing additive to control the blend morphology. The addition of TCB improved the arrangement of P3HT which resulted in good phase separated blend films. Correspondingly, the optimized solar cells showed a power conversion efficiency （PCE） of 4.17% with a fill factor （FF） of 0.69, which were higher than those of common thermal annealing devices （PCE 3.84%, FF 0.67）. The efficiency was further improved to 4.74% by thermal annealing at 150 ℃for 10 min with a higher FF of 0.74.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41172110 and 61107090)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR2011BZ007)
文摘The refractive indices of thin films based on Kramers-Kronig theory are corrected.And the correction theory is used to determine the optical indices of nano-ZnO thin films prepared by low temperature sol-gel method.The calculated results indicate that in the visible(Vis) range,the refractive indices of nano-ZnO thin films exhibit a slight abnormal dispersion,while in the ultraviolet(UV) region,the refractive indices increase with wavelengths increasing(normal dispersion).But the refractive indices show complex change near the absorption edge.The maximum refractive index(1.95) of nano-ZnO thin films within UV range at low temperature annealing is much lower than that of the films annealed at high temperature.The absorption and refractive indices are closely related to the defects in nano-ZnO thin films.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41172110 and 61107090)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR2011BZ007)
文摘By adjusting pH values of reactant system,the mass ratio of stabilizer/water and aging temperature,size controllable spherical silver nanoparticles(NPs) were synthesized.The properties of silver NPs are characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electron microscope(TEM) and ultraviolet visible(UV-VIS) absorption spectra.Within the pH values of 7.0—11.0,the aging temperature of 80 °C is better to improve silver NPs in shape to nearly sphere,concentrate size distribution and reduce aggregation than the aging temperature of 25 °C.The shape and dispersibility of silver NPs are the best when the pH of the reactant system is within 7.0—8.0.With pH of 7.5,aging at 80 °C,and stabilizer/water mass ratio of 1%,the spherical silver NPs with sizes of 50—70 nm were synthesized.The results are promising to be used to synthesize core/shell NPs when silver NPs are as core.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41172110)
文摘Silver nanoparticles (NPs) of 5-15 nm are synthesized with the reduction of silver nitrate (AgNO3 ) by formaldehyde (HCHO) and using polyethylenemine (PEI) as a stabilizer. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis shows the size of the Ag NPs increases with the increase of HCHO contents. The absorption and emission peaks of the original colloids are red shifted with increasing the size of Ag NPs. The absorption and emission peaks are at 344 nm, 349 nm, 357 nm, 362 nm, 364 nm and 444 nm, 458 nm, 519 nm, 534 nm, 550 nm, respectively. The fluorescence intensities of the silver colloids increase with increasing the NPs size (or the contents of HCHO). With the diluted fold increasing, the fluorescence intensity of the diluted silver colloids increases firstly then decreases. Compared with that of the original silver colloids, the emission peaks are blue shifted. For the diluted silver colloids, when the fluorescence intensity is maximum, the emission peaks are all near 444 nm. The 16-fold diluted silver colloid gets to the maximum emission intensity when the mole ratio of AgNO3 and HCHO is 1:6.
