修枝对欧美107杨木材生长量的短期影响

As a basic measure for forest management,pruning has an important impact on the tree trunk shape,wood qulity,etc. At present,in the process of growing fast-growing and high-yielding plantation,afforestation was took into account,whereas management after planting was ignored,which had much detrimental effect on woodland’s quality and productivity. The paper studied the topic to find a scientific pruning model that could provide a guideline for the management in forest production. The plantation and the intercropping of poplar-crop were pruned in four different levels in Hebei and Shandong province. The levels were respectively light p1 (1/6 crown was pruned),medium p2 (2/6 crown was pruned),strong p3 (3/6 crown was pruned),heavy p4 (4/6 crown was pruned) and the control (unpruned). Heights and diameters at breast height(DBH) were measured. Diameter growth and cutting-area increment in one year from ten parsed trees were counted. The volume growth of trunk (below 9 m) was calculated. The results were:1) the difference of relative growth rate for different pruning treatment was not significant (P<0.05),which demonstrated the nutrition for height growth came from the branches and leaves of the top crown; 2) The difference of relative growth rate of DBH was significant(P<0.01). That is,the greater of pruning intensity,the smaller relative growth in the DBH. 3) The stem growth of parsed disk at different height was fluctuant among the different treatments. From stem base (0.0 m) to 9 m height of the trunk,the stem increase of the lower half reduced along with the increase of pruning intensity,while the growth of the upper half in pruning trees was bigger than that of non-pruning ones. 4) The difference of volume growth rate for different treatments was significant,all of the pruning treatments were bigger than the control. The medium p2 had the biggest growth,and the order was CK<p4<p1<p3<p2,which suggested that reasonable pruning can improve the growth of volume. However an excessive pruning reduced volume growth. 5) Pruning can decrease relative taper of trunk,make trunk straight and satiety,and increase the rate of volume increasing for one year. 6) In conclusion,in the process of production,the reasonable pruning should be moderate intensity as pruning p2,in which 1/3 crown length was removed.

修枝对复合农林系统内小气候及作物生长的影响

对复合农林系统内的杨树进行4种不同强度的修枝处理,分别为修掉树冠高度的1/6、2/6、3/6、4/6,以CK（不修枝）为对照,对复合农林系统内的小气候和林下作物生长情况进行了研究。结果表明：修枝能有效增加林下光合有效辐射39.7%~98.9%,随之引起其他气候因子变动,包括增高林下气温及叶温、降低空气相对湿度并减少浅层土壤的含水量。修枝强度越大,这种增温和减湿的作用越明显。就林下玉米生长情况而言,修枝能有效增加玉米的净光合速率和蒸腾速率,并显著促进玉米植株增高、增粗、增重,且越到后期修枝对玉米生长的促进作用越明显。修枝能有效增加林下玉米产量,并主要通过增加玉米穗数增产。说明修枝在保证林冠功能的前提下,作为复合农林系统优化措施是可行的。

修枝对复合农林系统内作物光合特性及生长的影响

以论证修枝作为复合农林系统优化措施的可行性为目的,对复合农林系统内的杨树进行4种不同强度的修枝处理,分别为P1(修掉树冠高度的1/6)、P2(修掉树冠高度的2/6)、P3(修掉树冠高度的3/6)、P4(修掉树冠高度的4/6),以CK(不修枝)为对照,研究了修枝对复合农林系统内冬小麦、夏玉米的净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、细胞间隙CO2浓度(Ci)、气孔限制值(Ls)等光合生理特性以及农艺性状、产量构成因素的影响。结果表明:(1)修枝能有效增加作物光合速率、蒸腾速率,同一时刻修枝强度越大光合速率、蒸腾速率越大,下午时这种促进作用小于上午与中午。(2)修枝能显著促进小麦、玉米增高、增粗、增重,且越到后期修枝对作物生长的促进作用越明显。另外,修枝对玉米生长的促进作用大于小麦。(3)修枝能使林下作物大幅增产;修枝后玉米主要通过增加穗数,小麦主要通过增加粒重和穗粒数增产;修枝后玉米增产幅度大于小麦,小麦产量表现优于玉米,小麦比玉米更适合复合农林系统。

厚荚相思人工林计算机辅助营林管理系统设计与实现

对福建省相思树人工林开展调查,以厚荚相思为目标树种,根据其营林的全过程,建立各种生长数学模型,采用计算机技术,运用前台开发语言PowerBuilder 9.0和后台中型数据库MS SQLSERVER 2000进行系统设计,建立厚荚相思人工林计算机辅助营林管理系统,通过比较分析选择出适宜的营林措施,以便科学地指导相思树人工林的营林管理。