随着云计算应用的不断深入以及对大数据处理需求的不断提升,越来越多的企业选择使用云平台处理海量的数据。由于云计算的商业性,这就对云计算中的任务调度提出了更加严苛的要求,如何合理且经济地完成任务调度成为了研究云计算的关键问...随着云计算应用的不断深入以及对大数据处理需求的不断提升,越来越多的企业选择使用云平台处理海量的数据。由于云计算的商业性,这就对云计算中的任务调度提出了更加严苛的要求,如何合理且经济地完成任务调度成为了研究云计算的关键问题之一。批处理科学工作流是大数据时代的一种新型工作流建模形式,近两年已引起业内的重视,但当前仍处于起步阶段。本文首先对当前传统的任务调度算法进行分析,并指出其中的不足之处,从而改进了基于遗传算法的批处理科学工作流任务调度算法BIGA(batch scientific workflow task scheduling based on improved genetical gorithms),在满足固定截止期的条件下,以任务调度成本最优优化目标,分别对独立任务调度与非独立任务调度进行研究实验。最后在Matlab中进行模拟实验,结果表明:本文的改进算法在满足任务截止期的情况下与按比例划分截止期经典调度算法相比,在一定任务规模下,完成任务调度所需成本更低,更加符合云资源的使用特征与用户需求。展开更多
The interface between the active layer and the electrode is one of the most critical factors that could affect the device performance of polymer solar cells. In this work, based on the typical poly（3-hexylthiophene）...The interface between the active layer and the electrode is one of the most critical factors that could affect the device performance of polymer solar cells. In this work, based on the typical poly（3-hexylthiophene）：[6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester （P3HT：PCBM） polymer solar cell, we studied the effect of the cathode buffer layer （CBL） between the top metal electrode and the active layer on the device performance. Several inorganic and organic materials commonly used as the electron injection layer in an organic light-emitting diode （OLED） were employed as the CBL in the P3HT：PCBM polymer solar cells. Our results demonstrate that the inorganic and organic materials like Cs2CO3, bathophenanthroline （Bphen）, and 8-hydroxyquinolatolithium （Liq） can be used as CBL to efficiently improve the device performance of the P3HT：PCBM polymer solar cells. The P3HT：PCBM devices employed various CBLs possess power conversion efficiencies （PCEs） of 3.0%-3.3%, which are ca. 50% improved compared to that of the device without CBL. Furthermore, by using the doped organic materials Bphen：Cs2CO3 and Bphen：Liq as the CBL, the PCE of the P3HT：PCBM device will be further improved to 3.5%, which is ca. 70% higher than that of the device without a CBL and ca. 10% increased compared with that of the devices with a neat inorganic or organic CBL.展开更多
文摘随着云计算应用的不断深入以及对大数据处理需求的不断提升,越来越多的企业选择使用云平台处理海量的数据。由于云计算的商业性,这就对云计算中的任务调度提出了更加严苛的要求,如何合理且经济地完成任务调度成为了研究云计算的关键问题之一。批处理科学工作流是大数据时代的一种新型工作流建模形式,近两年已引起业内的重视,但当前仍处于起步阶段。本文首先对当前传统的任务调度算法进行分析,并指出其中的不足之处,从而改进了基于遗传算法的批处理科学工作流任务调度算法BIGA(batch scientific workflow task scheduling based on improved genetical gorithms),在满足固定截止期的条件下,以任务调度成本最优优化目标,分别对独立任务调度与非独立任务调度进行研究实验。最后在Matlab中进行模拟实验,结果表明:本文的改进算法在满足任务截止期的情况下与按比例划分截止期经典调度算法相比,在一定任务规模下,完成任务调度所需成本更低,更加符合云资源的使用特征与用户需求。
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61204014)the“Chenguang”Project(13CG42)+1 种基金supported by Shanghai Municipal Education Commission and Shanghai Education Development Foundation,Chinathe Shanghai University Young Teacher Training Program of Shanghai Municipality,China
文摘The interface between the active layer and the electrode is one of the most critical factors that could affect the device performance of polymer solar cells. In this work, based on the typical poly（3-hexylthiophene）：[6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester （P3HT：PCBM） polymer solar cell, we studied the effect of the cathode buffer layer （CBL） between the top metal electrode and the active layer on the device performance. Several inorganic and organic materials commonly used as the electron injection layer in an organic light-emitting diode （OLED） were employed as the CBL in the P3HT：PCBM polymer solar cells. Our results demonstrate that the inorganic and organic materials like Cs2CO3, bathophenanthroline （Bphen）, and 8-hydroxyquinolatolithium （Liq） can be used as CBL to efficiently improve the device performance of the P3HT：PCBM polymer solar cells. The P3HT：PCBM devices employed various CBLs possess power conversion efficiencies （PCEs） of 3.0%-3.3%, which are ca. 50% improved compared to that of the device without CBL. Furthermore, by using the doped organic materials Bphen：Cs2CO3 and Bphen：Liq as the CBL, the PCE of the P3HT：PCBM device will be further improved to 3.5%, which is ca. 70% higher than that of the device without a CBL and ca. 10% increased compared with that of the devices with a neat inorganic or organic CBL.
