智能合约的法律属性及规制研究

智能合约作为一项伴随着区块链技术发展而诞生的技术,其发展尚未成熟,还面临着大量尚不可预见的社会风险和法律问题。本文以智能合约概念、运行方式和特点作引入,使对该项技术的运作原理有基本之了解,后阐述智能合约的法律属性及与传统合同之不同,再而从民法典角度探寻我国对其规定之空白和不足,提出明确智能合约合同属性、进行实名登记、内容审核机制及建立违约金划拨机制。As a technology born along with the development of blockchain technology, smart contracts have not yet matured in their development, and still face a large number of unforeseeable social risks and legal problems. This paper introduces the concept, operation mode and characteristics of smart contract, so as to have a basic understanding of the operation principle of this technology, then elaborates the legal attributes of smart contract and the difference with traditional contract, and then explores the gaps and deficiencies of China’s regulations from the perspective of the Civil Code, and puts forward the clarification of the attributes of the contract of smart contract, real-name registration, the content audit mechanism, and the establishment of the mechanism for liquidated damages transfer.

醉酒驾驶超标电动自行车刑法规制研究

本文聚焦超标电动自行车的法律属性与刑法规制问题。通过法律文献分析和司法案例大数据研究,探讨了醉驾电动自行车的法律定位的模糊性,司法裁判的不一致性以及在执法实践中存在的不统一性问题。通过研究发现,超标电动自行车存在性能与摩托车相似,危险性较高,但是公众对其属性缺乏明确认识,所以导致违法行为频发。并且学界对危险驾驶罪的理解存在不一,而法律上对电动自行车未有明确界定,造成执法困难。本文因此建议通过明确立法定义超标电动自行车的属性,出台相关司法解释,执法采取分阶段教育与惩罚措施,以强化法律管理。