为提高锂电池荷电状态的估算精度及模拟锂离子电池实际充放电特性的准确性,本文通过改进现有的PNGV等效电路模型,在PNGV模型基础上,增加一节RC并联模块,使模型更好的反映电池的极化效应。同时,通过实验获取电池充放电特性,为卡尔曼滤波...为提高锂电池荷电状态的估算精度及模拟锂离子电池实际充放电特性的准确性,本文通过改进现有的PNGV等效电路模型,在PNGV模型基础上,增加一节RC并联模块,使模型更好的反映电池的极化效应。同时,通过实验获取电池充放电特性,为卡尔曼滤波器提供精确的参数,并提出了电池的开路电压曲线模型,通过Matlab拟合验证满足精度要求。最后采用扩展卡尔曼滤波(extended kalmanfilter,EKF)算法对锂电池荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)进行估算,并与安时积分法进行比较。实验结果表明,估算最大误差不超过4.5%,平均不超过3%,提高了SOC的估算精度。该研究为电动汽车运行工况提供了理论依据。展开更多
Cellular spheroids serving as three-dimensional(3D) in vitro tissue models have attracted increasing interest for pathological study and drug-screening applications. Various methods, including microwells in particular...Cellular spheroids serving as three-dimensional(3D) in vitro tissue models have attracted increasing interest for pathological study and drug-screening applications. Various methods, including microwells in particular, have been developed for engineering cellular spheroids. However, these methods usually suffer from either destructive molding operations or cell loss and non-uniform cell distribution among the wells due to two-step molding and cell seeding. We have developed a facile method that utilizes cellembedded hydrogel arrays as templates for concave well fabrication and in situ MCF-7 cellular spheroid formation on a chip. A custom-built bioprinting system was applied for the fabrication of sacrificial gelatin arrays and sequentially concave wells in a high-throughput, flexible, and controlled manner. The ability to achieve in situ cell seeding for cellular spheroid construction was demonstrated with the advantage of uniform cell seeding and the potential for programmed fabrication of tissue models on chips. The developed method holds great potential for applications in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and drug screening.展开更多
文摘为提高锂电池荷电状态的估算精度及模拟锂离子电池实际充放电特性的准确性,本文通过改进现有的PNGV等效电路模型,在PNGV模型基础上,增加一节RC并联模块,使模型更好的反映电池的极化效应。同时,通过实验获取电池充放电特性,为卡尔曼滤波器提供精确的参数,并提出了电池的开路电压曲线模型,通过Matlab拟合验证满足精度要求。最后采用扩展卡尔曼滤波(extended kalmanfilter,EKF)算法对锂电池荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)进行估算,并与安时积分法进行比较。实验结果表明,估算最大误差不超过4.5%,平均不超过3%,提高了SOC的估算精度。该研究为电动汽车运行工况提供了理论依据。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11372243, 11532009, and 11522219)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2013M540742)+2 种基金the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (20130201120071)the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China (2014JQ1004)the Fun- damental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘Cellular spheroids serving as three-dimensional(3D) in vitro tissue models have attracted increasing interest for pathological study and drug-screening applications. Various methods, including microwells in particular, have been developed for engineering cellular spheroids. However, these methods usually suffer from either destructive molding operations or cell loss and non-uniform cell distribution among the wells due to two-step molding and cell seeding. We have developed a facile method that utilizes cellembedded hydrogel arrays as templates for concave well fabrication and in situ MCF-7 cellular spheroid formation on a chip. A custom-built bioprinting system was applied for the fabrication of sacrificial gelatin arrays and sequentially concave wells in a high-throughput, flexible, and controlled manner. The ability to achieve in situ cell seeding for cellular spheroid construction was demonstrated with the advantage of uniform cell seeding and the potential for programmed fabrication of tissue models on chips. The developed method holds great potential for applications in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and drug screening.
