Cache performance is a critical design constraint for modern many-core systems.Since the cache often works in a"black-box"manner,it is difficult for the software to reason about the cache behavior to match t...Cache performance is a critical design constraint for modern many-core systems.Since the cache often works in a"black-box"manner,it is difficult for the software to reason about the cache behavior to match the running software to the underlying hardware.To better support code optimization,we need to understand and characterize the cache be-havior.While cache performance characterization is heavily studied on traditional x86 architectures,there is little work for understanding the cache implementations on emerging ARMv8-based many-cores.This paper presents a comprehensive study to evaluate the cache architecture design on three representative ARMv8 multi-cores,Phytium 2000+,ThunderX2,and Kunpeng 920(KP920).To this end,we develop wrBench,a micro-benchmark suite to measure the realized latency and bandwidth of caches at different memory hierarchies when performing core-to-core communication.Our evaluation pro-vides inter-core latency and bandwidth in different cache levels and coherency states for the three ARMv8 many-cores.The quantitative performance data is shown in tables.We mine the characteristics of caches and coherency protocols by analyzing the data for the three processors,Phytium 2000+,ThunderX2,and KP920.Our paper also provides discussions and guidelines for optimizing memory access on ARMv8 many-cores.展开更多
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant No.2018YFB0204301the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.61972408 and 61872294.
文摘Cache performance is a critical design constraint for modern many-core systems.Since the cache often works in a"black-box"manner,it is difficult for the software to reason about the cache behavior to match the running software to the underlying hardware.To better support code optimization,we need to understand and characterize the cache be-havior.While cache performance characterization is heavily studied on traditional x86 architectures,there is little work for understanding the cache implementations on emerging ARMv8-based many-cores.This paper presents a comprehensive study to evaluate the cache architecture design on three representative ARMv8 multi-cores,Phytium 2000+,ThunderX2,and Kunpeng 920(KP920).To this end,we develop wrBench,a micro-benchmark suite to measure the realized latency and bandwidth of caches at different memory hierarchies when performing core-to-core communication.Our evaluation pro-vides inter-core latency and bandwidth in different cache levels and coherency states for the three ARMv8 many-cores.The quantitative performance data is shown in tables.We mine the characteristics of caches and coherency protocols by analyzing the data for the three processors,Phytium 2000+,ThunderX2,and KP920.Our paper also provides discussions and guidelines for optimizing memory access on ARMv8 many-cores.
