基于中小学教室新风CO_2控制节能性评价分析

现阶段我国中小学教室大部分没有安装新风系统,以自然通风为主,通过间歇性开门窗来满足室内新风需求。而室内开门窗存在通风效率低,送风效果差等问题,极易引起教室室内空气品质不佳,甚至造成呼吸加深,学习效率下降等不良后果。通过对教室内CO_2散发及排除机制研究,计算在具有CO_2浓度控制新风系统下当量新风送风量,该送风量比设计新风量小,具有一定的节能意义。为了研究CO_2浓度控制新风系统节能量,选取典型教室,分析三个工况:具有CO_2控制、按照正常新风设计和无新风设计的三套系统,通过能耗模拟方法分析三种工况下典型教室空调耗电量,结果发现采用CO_2新风控制教室相对于无新风设计可以满足卫生需求且比正常设计新风节能5.1%。

Thermal stratification level of low sidewall air supply with air-conditioning system in large space

The thermal stratification level of low sidewall air supply system in large space was defined. Depending on the experiment of low sidewall air supply in summer 2008,the thermal stratification level was studied by simulation. Based on the simulation of experiment condition,the air velocity and vertical temperature distribution in a large space were simulated at different air-outlet velocities,and then the thermal stratification level line was obtained. The simulation results well match with the experimental ones and the average relative error is 3.4%. The thermal stratification level is heightened by increasing the air-outlet velocity with low sidewall air supply mode. It is concluded that when air-outlet velocity is 0.29 m/s,which is the experimental case,a uniform thermal environment in the higher occupied zone and a stable stratification level are formed. When the air-outlet velocity is low,such as 0.05 m/s,the thermal stratification level is too low and the air velocity is too small to meet the human thermal comfort in the occupied zone. So,it would be reasonable that the air-outlet velocity may be designed as 0.31 m/s if the height of the occupied zone is 2 m.

常州市生态校园(中小学)评价标准研究与实证分析

校园环境安全和健康对于中小学生的健康成长和学习效率的提升提高具有重要的影响,已成为广大师生和家长关注的重点。通过深度剖析《常州市生态校园(中小学)评价标准》,并将其和国家标准《绿色校园评价标准》(征求意见稿)的评价指标体系、指标分数权重和标准特点进行了对比,还结合实际案例进行了验证。研究结果表明:相比国家标准,《常州市生态校园(中小学)评价标准》增加和修改了一些能体现常州市地域特点和中小学校教育特色的相关指标,部分指标更加严格,更具有适用性、可操作性和先进性。研究成果可为江苏省中小学生态校园评价标准体系的建立提供参考。