CO_(2)超临界状态解析与课程思政设计

以CO_(2)超临界状态及制冷应用为例,展示如何以解析关键概念/技术背后的物理化学原理为纽带,在课堂教学中有机融入思政案例(如北京冬奥会制冰造雪)和开展课程思政“翻转课堂”教学;籍此使学生体会到物理化学原理在解决国家重大需求中发挥的关键作用,在强化学科自信的同时,增强学生学以致用、服务国家、绿色发展的意识和开拓创新的精神。CO_(2)超临界状态及应用是“物理化学”单组分相图中的知识难点和应用热点,在教材中常以知识拓展的形式出现,不仅与专业知识结合不紧密,学生对此也缺乏深刻理解。有鉴于此,我们以“讲透”CO_(2)超临界状态和制冷技术背后的物理化学原理为抓手,依据知识间内在关联,环环相扣、水到渠成地开展课程思政教学。为了提升思政教学效果,还综合采用了任务驱动的自主学习、翻转课堂及课后拓展相结合的多元思政教学手段,引导学生自主发掘思政素材,实现自我思政教育,从而达到了价值塑造、知识传授和能力培养三位一体的教学效果。

以学生为中心的物理化学远程教学初探

在抗击新冠疫情期间,北京师范大学“物理化学”教学团队综合利用中国大学MOOC、雨课堂、微信群等多个网络平台和工具,探索并实践了以MOOC授课为基础、以学生学习为中心、以教师辅导为支撑的物理化学远程教学。我们以难度最大的“统计热力学基础”教学为例,设计了包括课前预习、课上观看MOOC视频、实时在线练习、教师答疑、课后反思提问等多环节的复合式教学方案,引导学生利用教师预留的资料、设计的教学活动以及布置的线上作业等实施自主学习。实践表明,这个多环节的综合设计在线课程能够充分调动学生的学习热情,培养学生的自我管理能力,锻炼学生的批判性思维,取得了良好的教学效果。

Theories and Applications of Mixed Quantum-Classical Non-adiabatic Dynamics

Electronically non-adiabatic processes are essential parts of photochemical process, collisions of excited species, electron transfer processes, and quantum information processing. Various non-adiabatic dynamics methods and their numerical implementation have been developed in the last decades. This review summarizes the most significant development of mixed quantum-classical methods and their applications which mainly include the Liouville equa- tion, Ehrenfest mean-field, trajectory surface hopping, and multiple spawning methods. The recently developed quantum trajectory mean-field method that accounts for the decoherence corrections in a parameter-free fashion is discussed in more detail.

分子层次的金纳米棒-表面活性剂-磷脂自组装复合体形貌

金纳米粒子表面修饰剂的组分和形貌影响其物理化学性质.本文采用隐式溶剂耗散粒子动力学模拟的方法,研究了金纳米棒、溴化十六烷基三甲基铵和二肉豆蔻酰磷脂酰胆碱的自组装形貌.结果表明,复合体组装形貌主要与溴化十六烷基三甲基铵和二肉豆蔻酰磷脂酰胆碱这两种修饰剂的摩尔比有关,而金纳米棒与修饰剂的相互作用强度以及金纳米棒的直径对形貌的影响不明显.当作用强度和直径一定时,随着摩尔比增加,修饰剂在金纳米棒表面会形成完整的双层膜、有裂痕的双层膜、长片状胶束、以及以螺旋形式缠绕在金纳米棒上的蠕虫状胶束.进一步分析发现,金纳米棒直径越小、摩尔比越大、或作用强度越大时,金纳米棒两端的覆盖程度越高,同时修饰剂吸附层的厚度越薄.这些结果直接表征了溴化十六烷基三甲基铵和二肉豆蔻酰磷脂酰胆碱混合物在金纳米棒表面的形态,在分子水平上加深了对金纳米棒自组装行为的理解,有助于实现金纳米棒的可控自组装.

Quantum Electrodynamics Basis of Classical-Field High-Harmonic Generation Theory

From the nonperturbative quantum electrodynamics theory, we derive the Landau-Dykhne formula which represents the quantum-mechanical formulation of the three-step model. These studies provide a basis for the classical-field approaches to high-order harmonic generation and justify some assumptions used in classical-field modelling.

Formal Scattering Approach to High-Order Harmonic Generation

By using the time-independent formal scattering theoretical approach,we develop a nonperturbative quantum electrodynamics theory to describe high-order harmonic generation(HHG).This theory recovers the semi-classical interpretation of Corkum(Phys.Rev.Lett.71(1993)1994)and gives the same phenomenological cutoff law.The HHG emission rate is expressed as an analytic closed form.We also discuss the connection between HHG and the above threshold ionization from the scattering viewpoint.

Connection Between High-Harmonic Generation and Above-Threshold Ionization

Based on the nonperturbative quantum electrodynamics theory of high-order harmonic generation (HHG), we establish a direct connection between above-threshold ionization (ATI) and HHG. HHG can be described simply as an ATI followed by laser assisted recombination (LAR). The plateau reflects mainly the characteristic of LAR.

信息化时代物理化学课程的教学改革与实践

互联网的发展加速了信息和知识的传播,在为大学课程教学提供更多资源的同时也给传统的课堂教学方法带来很大挑战。介绍了北京师范大学物理化学教学团队在线上线下混合教学方法的创立、大规模在线开放课程(MOOC)建设、思政元素引入教学等方面利用互联网资源所实施的教学改革和实践,为探究和建立信息时代大学化学课程教学方法的新模式提供参考。