量子水印以量子图像为载体,能够实现秘密信息的安全传输。本文基于新型增强量子图像表示模型(Novel Enhanced Quantum Representation of Digital Images,NEQR)提出了一种高容量的量子水印协议,该协议将大小为2^(n)×2^(n)的载体图...量子水印以量子图像为载体,能够实现秘密信息的安全传输。本文基于新型增强量子图像表示模型(Novel Enhanced Quantum Representation of Digital Images,NEQR)提出了一种高容量的量子水印协议,该协议将大小为2^(n)×2^(n)的载体图像分割成2^(2n-2)个不重叠的像素块,该像素块中的像素点两两进行灰度值差值计算,依据所得差值对像素块进行分类,并对不同类别的像素块设置标志位。协议在水印嵌入前,需将2^(n-1)×2^(n-1)大小的水印图像扩大4倍,然后将扩大后的水印依据标志位的不同嵌入不同的载体图像最低有效位(Least Significant Bit,LSB)中。本文给出了协议实现的量子线路,合法的接收方将提取水印的量子线路作用于嵌入水印的载体图像即可获取水印信息。同时,本文在量子计算仿真环境下对协议进行了仿真实验,仿真结果说明协议具有良好的不可见性,嵌入容量较好。展开更多
为了进一步验证QRMW(Quantum representation of multi-wavelength images)模型的正确性,在IBM量子计算框架Qiskit上分别制备了2×2大小与和32×32大小的QRMW量子图像的量子态,提出了一种QRMW图像的颜色通道交换算子和QRMW图像...为了进一步验证QRMW(Quantum representation of multi-wavelength images)模型的正确性,在IBM量子计算框架Qiskit上分别制备了2×2大小与和32×32大小的QRMW量子图像的量子态,提出了一种QRMW图像的颜色通道交换算子和QRMW图像的颜色置乱算子,并给出了它们实现的量子线路,进而在IBM Qiskit环境下对新提出的算子进行了仿真实现。研究结果证实了QRMW模型的可行性以及所提出算子的可行性与正确性。展开更多
This paper presents a spatial domain quantum watermarking scheme. For a quantum watermarking scheme,a feasible quantum circuit is a key to achieve it. This paper gives a feasible quantum circuit for the presented sche...This paper presents a spatial domain quantum watermarking scheme. For a quantum watermarking scheme,a feasible quantum circuit is a key to achieve it. This paper gives a feasible quantum circuit for the presented scheme. In order to give the quantum circuit, a new quantum multi-control rotation gate, which can be achieved with quantum basic gates, is designed. With this quantum circuit, our scheme can arbitrarily control the embedding position of watermark images on carrier images with the aid of auxiliary qubits. Besides reversely acting the given quantum circuit, the paper gives another watermark extracting algorithm based on quantum measurements. Moreover, this paper also gives a new quantum image scrambling method and its quantum circuit. Differ from other quantum watermarking schemes, all given quantum circuits can be implemented with basic quantum gates. Moreover, the scheme is a spatial domain watermarking scheme, and is not based on any transform algorithm on quantum images. Meanwhile, it can make sure the watermark be secure even though the watermark has been found. With the given quantum circuit, this paper implements simulation experiments for the presented scheme. The experimental result shows that the scheme does well in the visual quality and the embedding capacity.展开更多
文摘量子水印以量子图像为载体,能够实现秘密信息的安全传输。本文基于新型增强量子图像表示模型(Novel Enhanced Quantum Representation of Digital Images,NEQR)提出了一种高容量的量子水印协议,该协议将大小为2^(n)×2^(n)的载体图像分割成2^(2n-2)个不重叠的像素块,该像素块中的像素点两两进行灰度值差值计算,依据所得差值对像素块进行分类,并对不同类别的像素块设置标志位。协议在水印嵌入前,需将2^(n-1)×2^(n-1)大小的水印图像扩大4倍,然后将扩大后的水印依据标志位的不同嵌入不同的载体图像最低有效位(Least Significant Bit,LSB)中。本文给出了协议实现的量子线路,合法的接收方将提取水印的量子线路作用于嵌入水印的载体图像即可获取水印信息。同时,本文在量子计算仿真环境下对协议进行了仿真实验,仿真结果说明协议具有良好的不可见性,嵌入容量较好。
文摘针对量子图像增强问题,提出一种基于彩虹编码的量子图像伪彩色增强方法。首先,使用NEQR(Novel Enhanced Quantum Representation)模型表示灰度图像,接着设计和优化RGB三通道颜色转换模块的量子线路,最后用QRMW(Quantum Representation of Multi Wavelength Images)模型表示伪彩色图像。为了验证所提方法的有效性,在IBM量子计算框架Qiskit上制备2×2大小与32×32大小的NEQR灰度图像,通过对量子线路测量坍缩后生成对应大小的QRMW伪彩色图像。实验结果表明,与经典和已有的量子图像伪彩色增强方法相比,该方法在处理大小为2n×2n、色深为2q的图像时,所需的量子基本门个数为958,时间复杂度仅为常数级O(1),空间复杂度为O(2n+2q+3),显著降低了量子成本,并且处理后图像的信息熵和清晰度指标良好。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.61272514,61170272,61373131,61121061,61411146001the program for New Century Excellent Talents under Grant No.NCET-13-0681+2 种基金the National Development Foundation for Cryptological Research(Grant No.MMJJ201401012)the Fok Ying Tung Education Foundation under Grant No.131067the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.ZR2013FM025
文摘This paper presents a spatial domain quantum watermarking scheme. For a quantum watermarking scheme,a feasible quantum circuit is a key to achieve it. This paper gives a feasible quantum circuit for the presented scheme. In order to give the quantum circuit, a new quantum multi-control rotation gate, which can be achieved with quantum basic gates, is designed. With this quantum circuit, our scheme can arbitrarily control the embedding position of watermark images on carrier images with the aid of auxiliary qubits. Besides reversely acting the given quantum circuit, the paper gives another watermark extracting algorithm based on quantum measurements. Moreover, this paper also gives a new quantum image scrambling method and its quantum circuit. Differ from other quantum watermarking schemes, all given quantum circuits can be implemented with basic quantum gates. Moreover, the scheme is a spatial domain watermarking scheme, and is not based on any transform algorithm on quantum images. Meanwhile, it can make sure the watermark be secure even though the watermark has been found. With the given quantum circuit, this paper implements simulation experiments for the presented scheme. The experimental result shows that the scheme does well in the visual quality and the embedding capacity.
