Singaporean Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong summarizes the democracy in his country as”Democracy of Trusteeship Model”.This model is demonstrated in the following three aspects.Firstly,in its formation,the populous ele...Singaporean Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong summarizes the democracy in his country as”Democracy of Trusteeship Model”.This model is demonstrated in the following three aspects.Firstly,in its formation,the populous elections and the long-term of one party in power co-exist.Secondly,in operation,the practice of a gentleman-like government and a law-based one go hand in hand and thirdly,in result,there is a mechanismto keep the balance between a powerful government and a limited one.These are the important angles that help us understand the characteristics and performance of its model.展开更多
目的:对压差式和超声式2种类型的便携式肺量计的性能进行评价。方法:采用标准流量/容积模拟器在环境空气条件下输出ISO 26782:2009标准中定义的13条测试曲线(C1~C13)到10台不同品牌的便携式肺量计(3台超声式和7台压差式)中,测量第1秒用...目的:对压差式和超声式2种类型的便携式肺量计的性能进行评价。方法:采用标准流量/容积模拟器在环境空气条件下输出ISO 26782:2009标准中定义的13条测试曲线(C1~C13)到10台不同品牌的便携式肺量计(3台超声式和7台压差式)中,测量第1秒用力呼气肺活量(forced expired volume in one second,FEV1)、第6秒用力呼气肺活量(forced expired volume in six seconds,FEV6)和用力呼气肺活量(forced vital capacity,FVC),并进行准确度、重复度、线性度、气流阻抗等分析。采用SPSS 21.0软件进行统计学分析,并采用Bland-Altman图评价2种肺量计的测量值与模拟器输出的标准值之间的一致性。结果:2种肺量计检测FEV1、FEV6、FVC的结果中,除了FEV1在C4曲线和FEV6在C12曲线中差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其余均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。超声式肺量计的准确度、重复度、线性度和气流阻抗与ISO 26782:2009标准的符合率分别为33.33%、100%、100%、100%,压差式肺量计的准确度、重复度、线性度和气流阻抗与ISO 26782:2009标准的符合率分别为57.14%、100%、57.14%、57.14%,只有30.0%的肺量计指标均符合标准要求。所有肺量计检测FEV1、FEV6、FVC的一致性范围和临床可接受范围均尚可,超声式肺量计的一致性范围优于压差式肺量计,但2种肺量计的临床可接受范围接近。结论:2种肺量计的准确度虽存在一定的偏差,但重复度和一致性范围均符合标准要求。展开更多
文摘Singaporean Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong summarizes the democracy in his country as”Democracy of Trusteeship Model”.This model is demonstrated in the following three aspects.Firstly,in its formation,the populous elections and the long-term of one party in power co-exist.Secondly,in operation,the practice of a gentleman-like government and a law-based one go hand in hand and thirdly,in result,there is a mechanismto keep the balance between a powerful government and a limited one.These are the important angles that help us understand the characteristics and performance of its model.
文摘目的:对压差式和超声式2种类型的便携式肺量计的性能进行评价。方法:采用标准流量/容积模拟器在环境空气条件下输出ISO 26782:2009标准中定义的13条测试曲线(C1~C13)到10台不同品牌的便携式肺量计(3台超声式和7台压差式)中,测量第1秒用力呼气肺活量(forced expired volume in one second,FEV1)、第6秒用力呼气肺活量(forced expired volume in six seconds,FEV6)和用力呼气肺活量(forced vital capacity,FVC),并进行准确度、重复度、线性度、气流阻抗等分析。采用SPSS 21.0软件进行统计学分析,并采用Bland-Altman图评价2种肺量计的测量值与模拟器输出的标准值之间的一致性。结果:2种肺量计检测FEV1、FEV6、FVC的结果中,除了FEV1在C4曲线和FEV6在C12曲线中差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其余均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。超声式肺量计的准确度、重复度、线性度和气流阻抗与ISO 26782:2009标准的符合率分别为33.33%、100%、100%、100%,压差式肺量计的准确度、重复度、线性度和气流阻抗与ISO 26782:2009标准的符合率分别为57.14%、100%、57.14%、57.14%,只有30.0%的肺量计指标均符合标准要求。所有肺量计检测FEV1、FEV6、FVC的一致性范围和临床可接受范围均尚可,超声式肺量计的一致性范围优于压差式肺量计,但2种肺量计的临床可接受范围接近。结论:2种肺量计的准确度虽存在一定的偏差,但重复度和一致性范围均符合标准要求。
