Scientific knowledge of lunar lithologies was first acquired in the 1960s-1970s.The space race between the United States(U.S.)and Soviet Union has promoted numerous manned and robotic lunar exploration missions.Utiliz...Scientific knowledge of lunar lithologies was first acquired in the 1960s-1970s.The space race between the United States(U.S.)and Soviet Union has promoted numerous manned and robotic lunar exploration missions.Utilizing datasets from these missions,the first series of lunar geologic maps was prepared and published by the U.S.Geological Survey(USGS)The definition of lunar geological features in these maps was mostly based on morphological characteristics but lacked lithological constraints owing to the incompleteness of the compositional datasets avail-able.After two decades of silence,a new era of lunar exploration began in the 1990s when the Galileo spacecraft flew by the Moon during its gravity-assisted maneuvers.The very successful orbital missions,the Clementine and Lunar Prospector(LP),provided the first global geochemical and mineralogical(multispectral,gamma ray,neutron,etc.)datasets of the lunar surface.展开更多
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Infrastructure Work Projects(2015FY210500)Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences(QYZDY-SSW-DQC028)+5 种基金Strategic Priority Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB41000000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42102280,41972322,and 11941001)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2021QD016)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M682164)the State Scholarship Fund(201706220310)。
文摘Scientific knowledge of lunar lithologies was first acquired in the 1960s-1970s.The space race between the United States(U.S.)and Soviet Union has promoted numerous manned and robotic lunar exploration missions.Utilizing datasets from these missions,the first series of lunar geologic maps was prepared and published by the U.S.Geological Survey(USGS)The definition of lunar geological features in these maps was mostly based on morphological characteristics but lacked lithological constraints owing to the incompleteness of the compositional datasets avail-able.After two decades of silence,a new era of lunar exploration began in the 1990s when the Galileo spacecraft flew by the Moon during its gravity-assisted maneuvers.The very successful orbital missions,the Clementine and Lunar Prospector(LP),provided the first global geochemical and mineralogical(multispectral,gamma ray,neutron,etc.)datasets of the lunar surface.
