Objective To evaluate the analgesic efficacy and safety of patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) with tramadol for labor analgesia as compared with combined spinal-epidural analgesia (CSEA) + patient control...Objective To evaluate the analgesic efficacy and safety of patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) with tramadol for labor analgesia as compared with combined spinal-epidural analgesia (CSEA) + patient controlled analgesia ( PCEA) with ropivacaine and fentanyl. Methods Eighty ASA Ⅰ - Ⅱ full term primigravidae in active labor (at 2 cm cervical dilation) who had a single fetus with vertex presentation and were expected to have a vaginal delivery were randomly divided into 3 groups: Ⅰ control group received no analgesia (n = 30), Ⅱ group A received CSEA + PCEA with ropivacaine and fentanyl (n = 30) and Ⅲ group B received PCIA with tramadol ( n = 20). In group A CSEA was performed at L2-3. Ropivacaine 2. 5 mg and fentanyl 5 mg were injected intrathecally. A catheter was then advanced 4 cm into epidural space cephalad for PCEA with a mixture of 0.1% ropivacaine with fentanyl 5 μg· μλ-1 (backgroud infusion 4 ml · h-1, demand bolus 4 ml with a 15 min lockout interval). In group B the展开更多
Objective To evaluate the safety and analgesic efficacy of patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) with tramadol, and to compare its benefits and risks with combined spinal-epidural analgesia (CSEA) + patient ...Objective To evaluate the safety and analgesic efficacy of patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) with tramadol, and to compare its benefits and risks with combined spinal-epidural analgesia (CSEA) + patient controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA).Methods Eighty American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) Ⅰ - Ⅱ at term parturients in active labor were randomly divided into 3 groups: the control group (n =30) received no analgesia; group A (n =30) received spinal administration with ropivacaine 2. 5 mg and fentanyl 5μg, then with PCEA; group B (n = 20) received 1 mg/kg tramadol loading dose i. v.. PCIA with 0. 75% tramadol and it included: PCA dose 2 ml, lockout time 10 minutes, background infusion 2 ml/h, total dose no more than 400 mg. The intensity of pain was evaluated using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS).Results Both group A and B showed good pain relief. VAS pain scores were significantly decreased in group A and B compared with those in the control group (P<0. 01). In comparison with group B, the VAS pain scores decreased in group A (P<0. 05). The onset times of analgesia in group A were shorter than those in group B (P<0. 05). Apgar scores in group B were lower than those in group A (P<0. 05). The periods of second stage of labor in group A were longer than those in the control group and group B (P<0. 05). The cesarean delivery rate was significantly higher in the control group (16. 7%) than in group A (3. 3%) and group B (5. 0%), but it did not differ between group A and B. There were no significant differences in vital signs, fetal heart rate, degree of motor block, and uterine contractions among the 3 groups.Conclusions PCIA with tramadol is now a useful alternative when patients are not candidates for CSEA for labor, or do not want to have a neuraxial block anesthesia. However, sometimes it may not provide satisfactory analgesic effect.展开更多
文摘Objective To evaluate the analgesic efficacy and safety of patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) with tramadol for labor analgesia as compared with combined spinal-epidural analgesia (CSEA) + patient controlled analgesia ( PCEA) with ropivacaine and fentanyl. Methods Eighty ASA Ⅰ - Ⅱ full term primigravidae in active labor (at 2 cm cervical dilation) who had a single fetus with vertex presentation and were expected to have a vaginal delivery were randomly divided into 3 groups: Ⅰ control group received no analgesia (n = 30), Ⅱ group A received CSEA + PCEA with ropivacaine and fentanyl (n = 30) and Ⅲ group B received PCIA with tramadol ( n = 20). In group A CSEA was performed at L2-3. Ropivacaine 2. 5 mg and fentanyl 5 mg were injected intrathecally. A catheter was then advanced 4 cm into epidural space cephalad for PCEA with a mixture of 0.1% ropivacaine with fentanyl 5 μg· μλ-1 (backgroud infusion 4 ml · h-1, demand bolus 4 ml with a 15 min lockout interval). In group B the
文摘Objective To evaluate the safety and analgesic efficacy of patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) with tramadol, and to compare its benefits and risks with combined spinal-epidural analgesia (CSEA) + patient controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA).Methods Eighty American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) Ⅰ - Ⅱ at term parturients in active labor were randomly divided into 3 groups: the control group (n =30) received no analgesia; group A (n =30) received spinal administration with ropivacaine 2. 5 mg and fentanyl 5μg, then with PCEA; group B (n = 20) received 1 mg/kg tramadol loading dose i. v.. PCIA with 0. 75% tramadol and it included: PCA dose 2 ml, lockout time 10 minutes, background infusion 2 ml/h, total dose no more than 400 mg. The intensity of pain was evaluated using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS).Results Both group A and B showed good pain relief. VAS pain scores were significantly decreased in group A and B compared with those in the control group (P<0. 01). In comparison with group B, the VAS pain scores decreased in group A (P<0. 05). The onset times of analgesia in group A were shorter than those in group B (P<0. 05). Apgar scores in group B were lower than those in group A (P<0. 05). The periods of second stage of labor in group A were longer than those in the control group and group B (P<0. 05). The cesarean delivery rate was significantly higher in the control group (16. 7%) than in group A (3. 3%) and group B (5. 0%), but it did not differ between group A and B. There were no significant differences in vital signs, fetal heart rate, degree of motor block, and uterine contractions among the 3 groups.Conclusions PCIA with tramadol is now a useful alternative when patients are not candidates for CSEA for labor, or do not want to have a neuraxial block anesthesia. However, sometimes it may not provide satisfactory analgesic effect.