Lebanon was described as the ＂water tower of the Middle East＂. However, this status does not exist lately, thus the increase in population and the variability in climatic conditions affected the hydrologic regime. R...Lebanon was described as the ＂water tower of the Middle East＂. However, this status does not exist lately, thus the increase in population and the variability in climatic conditions affected the hydrologic regime. Recent data is still lacking to build up a comprehensive figure on the existing climatic conditions. Whereas, the available hydrologic data is non-sequential in some areas. This study presents illustrations on climatic and hydrologic trends in Lebanon. They were built in combination between data from ground measures and from satellite images. It established a complete figure on precipitation （rainfall and snow） and temperature trends. While hydrologic components were also recognized and monitored, including, rivers, springs and groundwater regime. The resulted illustrations indicated no considerable changes in trends of rainfall, but there is an increase in temperature, which enhances snowmelt and reduces it spatial cover. Besides, there is an obvious decline in the volume of water from different sources, which reaches about 60% in some rivers and springs. This in turn reveals the negative influence ofanthropogenic interference on water resources rather than considering only the climatic parameters.展开更多
文摘Lebanon was described as the ＂water tower of the Middle East＂. However, this status does not exist lately, thus the increase in population and the variability in climatic conditions affected the hydrologic regime. Recent data is still lacking to build up a comprehensive figure on the existing climatic conditions. Whereas, the available hydrologic data is non-sequential in some areas. This study presents illustrations on climatic and hydrologic trends in Lebanon. They were built in combination between data from ground measures and from satellite images. It established a complete figure on precipitation （rainfall and snow） and temperature trends. While hydrologic components were also recognized and monitored, including, rivers, springs and groundwater regime. The resulted illustrations indicated no considerable changes in trends of rainfall, but there is an increase in temperature, which enhances snowmelt and reduces it spatial cover. Besides, there is an obvious decline in the volume of water from different sources, which reaches about 60% in some rivers and springs. This in turn reveals the negative influence ofanthropogenic interference on water resources rather than considering only the climatic parameters.
