Demographic aging is one of the most serious challenges facing our society.Although we live longer,we do not live better because it is considered that approximately 16–20%of our life is spent in late-life morbidity.O...Demographic aging is one of the most serious challenges facing our society.Although we live longer,we do not live better because it is considered that approximately 16–20%of our life is spent in late-life morbidity.Older people have the greatest risk of developing frailty increasing the risk of presenting various adverse health events such as low quality of life,disability,hospitalization and even death.Frail men and women over 65 years old have lower muscle quality and muscle mass and higher percentage of body fat than non-frail people of the same age.In this review we will address the main physiological changes in the muscular and nervous system associated to aging.More specifically we will review the changes in muscle mass,quality,and strength relating them with the decrease in capillarization and muscular oxidative capacity as well as with the alterations in protein synthesis in the muscle with aging.The last section of the manuscript will be devoted to the animal models of frailty and the indexes developed to measure frailty in these models.We will finally address the importance of exercise training as an intervention to delay or even reverse frailty.展开更多
基金supported by the following grants:Instituto de Salud Carlos III and co-funded by FEDER[grant number PIE15/00013]SAF2016-75508-R from the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science(MEC),CB16/10/00435(CIBERFES),PROMETEOII2014/056 from“Conselleria,de Sanitat de la Generalitat Valenciana(GV/2018/118)EU Funded CM1001 and FRAILOMIC-HEALTH.2012.2.1.1-2,ADVANTAGE-724099 Join Action(HP-JA)3rd EU Health Programme and DIALBFRAIL-LATAM(825546 H2020-SC1-BHC).A.S-P was funded with a FPU grant from the Spanish MECD.
文摘Demographic aging is one of the most serious challenges facing our society.Although we live longer,we do not live better because it is considered that approximately 16–20%of our life is spent in late-life morbidity.Older people have the greatest risk of developing frailty increasing the risk of presenting various adverse health events such as low quality of life,disability,hospitalization and even death.Frail men and women over 65 years old have lower muscle quality and muscle mass and higher percentage of body fat than non-frail people of the same age.In this review we will address the main physiological changes in the muscular and nervous system associated to aging.More specifically we will review the changes in muscle mass,quality,and strength relating them with the decrease in capillarization and muscular oxidative capacity as well as with the alterations in protein synthesis in the muscle with aging.The last section of the manuscript will be devoted to the animal models of frailty and the indexes developed to measure frailty in these models.We will finally address the importance of exercise training as an intervention to delay or even reverse frailty.
