Recent years have witnessed significant progress in quantum communication and quantum internet with the emerging quantum photonic chips,whose characteristics of scalability,stability,and low cost,flourish and open up ...Recent years have witnessed significant progress in quantum communication and quantum internet with the emerging quantum photonic chips,whose characteristics of scalability,stability,and low cost,flourish and open up new possibilities in miniaturized footprints.Here,we provide an overview of the advances in quantum photonic chips for quantum communication,beginning with a summary of the prevalent photonic integrated fabrication platforms and key components for integrated quantum communication systems.We then discuss a range of quantum communication applications,such as quantum key distribution and quantum teleportation.Finally,the review culminates with a perspective on challenges towards high-performance chip-based quantum communication,as well as a glimpse into future opportunities for integrated quantum networks.展开更多
In the modern financial industry system,the structure of products has become more and more complex,and the bottleneck constraint of classical computing power has already restricted the development of the financial ind...In the modern financial industry system,the structure of products has become more and more complex,and the bottleneck constraint of classical computing power has already restricted the development of the financial industry.Here,we present a photonic chip that implements the unary approach to European option pricing,in combination with the quantum amplitude estimation algorithm,to achieve quadratic speedup compared to classical Monte Carlo methods.The circuit consists of three modules:one loading the distribution of asset prices,one computing the expected payoff,and a third performing the quantum amplitude estimation algorithm to introduce speedups.In the distribution module,a generative adversarial network is embedded for efficient learning and loading of asset distributions,which precisely captures market trends.This work is a step forward in the development of specialized photonic processors for applications in finance,with the potential to improve the efficiency and quality of financial services.展开更多
Lateral optical forces induced by linearly polarized laser beams have been predicted to deflect dipolar particles with opposite chiralities toward opposite transversal directions.These“chirality-dependent”forces can...Lateral optical forces induced by linearly polarized laser beams have been predicted to deflect dipolar particles with opposite chiralities toward opposite transversal directions.These“chirality-dependent”forces can offer new possibilities for passive all-optical enantioselective sorting of chiral particles,which is essential to the nanoscience and drug industries.However,previous chiral sorting experiments focused on large particles with diameters in the geometrical-optics regime.Here,we demonstrate,for the first time,the robust sorting of Mie(size~wavelength)chiral particles with different handedness at an air–water interface using optical lateral forces induced by a single linearly polarized laser beam.The nontrivial physical interactions underlying these chirality-dependent forces distinctly differ from those predicted for dipolar or geometrical-optics particles.The lateral forces emerge from a complex interplay between the light polarization,lateral momentum enhancement,and out-of-plane light refraction at the particle-water interface.The sign of the lateral force could be reversed by changing the particle size,incident angle,and polarization of the obliquely incident light.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the Singapore Ministry of Education(MOE)Tier 3 grant(MOE2017-T3-1-001),NRF grant(MOH-000926),A*STAR research grant(SERC-A18A5b0056)PUB Singapore's National Water Agency grant(PUB-1804-0082).
文摘Recent years have witnessed significant progress in quantum communication and quantum internet with the emerging quantum photonic chips,whose characteristics of scalability,stability,and low cost,flourish and open up new possibilities in miniaturized footprints.Here,we provide an overview of the advances in quantum photonic chips for quantum communication,beginning with a summary of the prevalent photonic integrated fabrication platforms and key components for integrated quantum communication systems.We then discuss a range of quantum communication applications,such as quantum key distribution and quantum teleportation.Finally,the review culminates with a perspective on challenges towards high-performance chip-based quantum communication,as well as a glimpse into future opportunities for integrated quantum networks.
基金Hong Kong Polytechnic University(P0046236)National Research Foundation Singapore(NRF2022-QEP2-02-P16)Ministry of Education-Singapore(MOE2017-T3-1-001)。
文摘In the modern financial industry system,the structure of products has become more and more complex,and the bottleneck constraint of classical computing power has already restricted the development of the financial industry.Here,we present a photonic chip that implements the unary approach to European option pricing,in combination with the quantum amplitude estimation algorithm,to achieve quadratic speedup compared to classical Monte Carlo methods.The circuit consists of three modules:one loading the distribution of asset prices,one computing the expected payoff,and a third performing the quantum amplitude estimation algorithm to introduce speedups.In the distribution module,a generative adversarial network is embedded for efficient learning and loading of asset distributions,which precisely captures market trends.This work is a step forward in the development of specialized photonic processors for applications in finance,with the potential to improve the efficiency and quality of financial services.
基金the financial support from the Ministry of Education,Singapore(Project No.R-263-000-D11-114)from the National Research Foundation,Prime Minister’s Office,Singapore under its Competitive Research Program(CRP award NRFCRP15-2015-03 and NRFCRP15-2015-04)+4 种基金the Singapore National Research Foundation under the Competitive Research Program(NRF-CRP13-2014-01)the Incentive for Research&Innovation Scheme(1102-IRIS-05-04)administered by PUBthe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUT19RC(3)046)supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad(MICINN)and European Regional Development Fund(ERDF)Project FIS2015-69295-C3-3-Pthe Basque Dep.de Educacion Project PI-2016-1-0041.
文摘Lateral optical forces induced by linearly polarized laser beams have been predicted to deflect dipolar particles with opposite chiralities toward opposite transversal directions.These“chirality-dependent”forces can offer new possibilities for passive all-optical enantioselective sorting of chiral particles,which is essential to the nanoscience and drug industries.However,previous chiral sorting experiments focused on large particles with diameters in the geometrical-optics regime.Here,we demonstrate,for the first time,the robust sorting of Mie(size~wavelength)chiral particles with different handedness at an air–water interface using optical lateral forces induced by a single linearly polarized laser beam.The nontrivial physical interactions underlying these chirality-dependent forces distinctly differ from those predicted for dipolar or geometrical-optics particles.The lateral forces emerge from a complex interplay between the light polarization,lateral momentum enhancement,and out-of-plane light refraction at the particle-water interface.The sign of the lateral force could be reversed by changing the particle size,incident angle,and polarization of the obliquely incident light.