In contrast to the conventional etching that makes nanoparticles rounder and our previous sharpening etching mode that causes serrated edges,here,we developed a new boring etching mode that targets the faces of Au nan...In contrast to the conventional etching that makes nanoparticles rounder and our previous sharpening etching mode that causes serrated edges,here,we developed a new boring etching mode that targets the faces of Au nanoplates to make holes.The critical factors are the pre-incubation step with the ligand 2-mercapto-5-benzimidazolecarboxylic acid(MBIA)and the subsequent removal of excess ligands in the solution.Thus,etching is focused onto the few sites with initial loss of ligands,which cannot be quickly replaced.The choice of ligand MBIA is also of importance,as it carries negative charge and repels each other.Its inability of forming a dense layer probably plays a critical role in the site-selectivity for faces,because ligands at the higher curvature edges and corners are expected to have less repulsion.The etching results from the comproportionation reaction between Au3+and Au0 in the nanoplates,where Br-coordination to Au and the extra stabilization from cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB)are essential.We believe that the ability of boring holes is an important tool for future synthetic designs.展开更多
The first part of this book follows the thread of ten major events involving the dispersal of cultural relics,unveiling the complex truths behind the loss of national treasures.The latter part meticulously selects 108...The first part of this book follows the thread of ten major events involving the dispersal of cultural relics,unveiling the complex truths behind the loss of national treasures.The latter part meticulously selects 108 precious relics overseas,ranging from the Neolithic era to the Qing Dynasty,covering Dunhuang relics,calligraphy,ceramics,bronzes,jades,lacquerware,sculptures,and oracle bone scriptures,etc.It interprets the historical background,craftsmanship,color details,aesthetic design,and symbolic meanings,encompassing exquisite collections from dozens of institutions abroad,offering a glimpse into the rare treasures of Chinese heritage.展开更多
Chinese medicine(CM)is an important resource for human life understanding and discovery of drugs.However,due to the unclear pharmacological mechanism caused by unclear target,research and international promotion of ma...Chinese medicine(CM)is an important resource for human life understanding and discovery of drugs.However,due to the unclear pharmacological mechanism caused by unclear target,research and international promotion of many active components have made little progress in the past decades of years.CM is mainly composed of multi-ingredients with multi-targets.The identification of targets of multiple active components and the weight analysis of multiple targets in a specific pathological environment,that is,the determination of the most important target is the main obstacle to the mechanism clarification and thus hinders its internationalization.In this review,the main approach to target identification and network pharmacology were summarized.And BIBm(Bayesian inference modeling),a powerful method for drug target identification and key pathway determination was introduced.We aim to provide a new scientific basis and ideas for the development and international promotion of new drugs based on CM.展开更多
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.91956109,92356310,and 22075137)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China:Major Program(No.2022XHSJJ002)+1 种基金Leading Innovative and Entrepreneur Team Introduction Program of Zhejiang(No.TD2022004)Foundation of Westlake University.
文摘In contrast to the conventional etching that makes nanoparticles rounder and our previous sharpening etching mode that causes serrated edges,here,we developed a new boring etching mode that targets the faces of Au nanoplates to make holes.The critical factors are the pre-incubation step with the ligand 2-mercapto-5-benzimidazolecarboxylic acid(MBIA)and the subsequent removal of excess ligands in the solution.Thus,etching is focused onto the few sites with initial loss of ligands,which cannot be quickly replaced.The choice of ligand MBIA is also of importance,as it carries negative charge and repels each other.Its inability of forming a dense layer probably plays a critical role in the site-selectivity for faces,because ligands at the higher curvature edges and corners are expected to have less repulsion.The etching results from the comproportionation reaction between Au3+and Au0 in the nanoplates,where Br-coordination to Au and the extra stabilization from cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB)are essential.We believe that the ability of boring holes is an important tool for future synthetic designs.
文摘The first part of this book follows the thread of ten major events involving the dispersal of cultural relics,unveiling the complex truths behind the loss of national treasures.The latter part meticulously selects 108 precious relics overseas,ranging from the Neolithic era to the Qing Dynasty,covering Dunhuang relics,calligraphy,ceramics,bronzes,jades,lacquerware,sculptures,and oracle bone scriptures,etc.It interprets the historical background,craftsmanship,color details,aesthetic design,and symbolic meanings,encompassing exquisite collections from dozens of institutions abroad,offering a glimpse into the rare treasures of Chinese heritage.
基金Supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Nos.81960659,81760264,81960394)Applied Basic Research Key Project of Yunnan(202001AS070024)Yunnan Applied Basic Research Projects-Union foundation Management System(No.2018FE001(-294))。
文摘Chinese medicine(CM)is an important resource for human life understanding and discovery of drugs.However,due to the unclear pharmacological mechanism caused by unclear target,research and international promotion of many active components have made little progress in the past decades of years.CM is mainly composed of multi-ingredients with multi-targets.The identification of targets of multiple active components and the weight analysis of multiple targets in a specific pathological environment,that is,the determination of the most important target is the main obstacle to the mechanism clarification and thus hinders its internationalization.In this review,the main approach to target identification and network pharmacology were summarized.And BIBm(Bayesian inference modeling),a powerful method for drug target identification and key pathway determination was introduced.We aim to provide a new scientific basis and ideas for the development and international promotion of new drugs based on CM.
