A study is conducted to optimize the geometry of a solar chimney equipped with a horizontal absorber in order to improve its performances in relation to the provision of ventilation.The problem is tackled through nume...A study is conducted to optimize the geometry of a solar chimney equipped with a horizontal absorber in order to improve its performances in relation to the provision of ventilation.The problem is tackled through numerical solution of the governing equations for mass,momentum and energy in their complete three-dimensional and unsteady formulation.The numerical framework also includes a turbulence model(k-ε)and a radiant heat transfer(DO)model.Moreover,a Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm(MOGA)is employed to derive the optimal configuration of the considered solar chimney.It is shown that an air velocity of 0.2 m/s can be obtained.This value is the minimum allowed air velocity according to the ASHRAE’s(American Society of Heating,Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers)adaptive comfort approach.展开更多
A theoretical analysis of the electricity production of a photovoltaic solar power plant of 22 MW for different sites in Senegal is presented. The study is carried out in two coastal regions (Dakar and Saint-Louis) an...A theoretical analysis of the electricity production of a photovoltaic solar power plant of 22 MW for different sites in Senegal is presented. The study is carried out in two coastal regions (Dakar and Saint-Louis) and two continental regions (Mbacké and Linguère). This study is done using the RET Screen clean energy project management software climate data. The amount of electricity exported to the grid is calculated for each site. The results show that the climatic conditions of the coastal and continental regions are different from November to June. From July to October, which corresponds to the rainy season in Senegal, the climatic conditions of the coastal and continental regions are similar. The results also show that although the efficiency of photovoltaic modules is better on the coast, electricity production varies little from one site to another. Climate conditions in Senegal therefore have no impact on electricity production.展开更多
The operating temperature is a critical factor affecting the performances of photovoltaic(PV)modules.In this work,relevant models are proposed for the prediction of this operating temperature using data(ambient temper...The operating temperature is a critical factor affecting the performances of photovoltaic(PV)modules.In this work,relevant models are proposed for the prediction of this operating temperature using data(ambient temperature and solar irradiance)based on real measurements conducted in the tropical region.For each weather condition(categorized according to irradiance and temperature levels),the temperatures of the PV modules obtained using the proposed approach is compared with the corresponding experimentally measured value.The results show that the proposed models have a smaller Root Mean Squared Error than other models developed in the literature for all weather conditions,which confirms the reliability of the proposed framework.展开更多
Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) is non-existent in Sahel. Such a situation arises from the high investment costs required by these energy infrastructures and from a lack of information on the identification of suitabl...Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) is non-existent in Sahel. Such a situation arises from the high investment costs required by these energy infrastructures and from a lack of information on the identification of suitable sites to accommodate them. Conversely, CSP-biomass plants due to lower investment may be an option for CSP penetration in Sahel where Direct Normal Irradiation (DNI) is between 1400 kWh/m2/year and 2000 kWh/m2/year and significant biomass potential. This work presents the results of an identification of suitable sites for hybrid CSP-Biomass in the Sahel, case study of Senegal, taking into account the Direct Normal Irradiation, the availability of water, space and biomass potential. The identified sites have a DNI > 1600 kWh/m2/year. The biogas production capacity is equivalent to 5,096,563 m3/year. The quantity of Typha Australis, invasive plant in Senegal river valley available is estimated at more than 3 million tons. The capacity of electrical energy in this zone is estimated at 6.89 GWe for an installation surface estimated at 275.61 km2. The establishment of CSP/hybrid plants can also contribute to combat the proliferation of Typha Australis.展开更多
Absorption chillers are cooling units usually powered by renewable energy or waste heat.Their performance generally depends on the temperatures of the heat source,the ambient and the medium to be cooled.The present wo...Absorption chillers are cooling units usually powered by renewable energy or waste heat.Their performance generally depends on the temperatures of the heat source,the ambient and the medium to be cooled.The present work deals with the thermodynamic study of a 10 kW NH3/H2O absorption machine in order to find the COP(coefficient of performance).The first and second laws of thermodynamics were used for the operating conditions.The thermodynamic properties of the NH3/H2O mixture were determined using the EES(Engineering Equation Solver)software.The results of the simulation of the machine were validated with the results of the literature.After validation,the program was used to simulate a 10-kW NH3/H2O absorption machine for milk conservation/cold storage in northern Senegal.The simulation results of the 10-kW ammonia-water absorption machine give an acceptable COP of 0.521 with a milk storage temperature of 4°C.展开更多
文摘A study is conducted to optimize the geometry of a solar chimney equipped with a horizontal absorber in order to improve its performances in relation to the provision of ventilation.The problem is tackled through numerical solution of the governing equations for mass,momentum and energy in their complete three-dimensional and unsteady formulation.The numerical framework also includes a turbulence model(k-ε)and a radiant heat transfer(DO)model.Moreover,a Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm(MOGA)is employed to derive the optimal configuration of the considered solar chimney.It is shown that an air velocity of 0.2 m/s can be obtained.This value is the minimum allowed air velocity according to the ASHRAE’s(American Society of Heating,Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers)adaptive comfort approach.
文摘A theoretical analysis of the electricity production of a photovoltaic solar power plant of 22 MW for different sites in Senegal is presented. The study is carried out in two coastal regions (Dakar and Saint-Louis) and two continental regions (Mbacké and Linguère). This study is done using the RET Screen clean energy project management software climate data. The amount of electricity exported to the grid is calculated for each site. The results show that the climatic conditions of the coastal and continental regions are different from November to June. From July to October, which corresponds to the rainy season in Senegal, the climatic conditions of the coastal and continental regions are similar. The results also show that although the efficiency of photovoltaic modules is better on the coast, electricity production varies little from one site to another. Climate conditions in Senegal therefore have no impact on electricity production.
文摘The operating temperature is a critical factor affecting the performances of photovoltaic(PV)modules.In this work,relevant models are proposed for the prediction of this operating temperature using data(ambient temperature and solar irradiance)based on real measurements conducted in the tropical region.For each weather condition(categorized according to irradiance and temperature levels),the temperatures of the PV modules obtained using the proposed approach is compared with the corresponding experimentally measured value.The results show that the proposed models have a smaller Root Mean Squared Error than other models developed in the literature for all weather conditions,which confirms the reliability of the proposed framework.
文摘Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) is non-existent in Sahel. Such a situation arises from the high investment costs required by these energy infrastructures and from a lack of information on the identification of suitable sites to accommodate them. Conversely, CSP-biomass plants due to lower investment may be an option for CSP penetration in Sahel where Direct Normal Irradiation (DNI) is between 1400 kWh/m2/year and 2000 kWh/m2/year and significant biomass potential. This work presents the results of an identification of suitable sites for hybrid CSP-Biomass in the Sahel, case study of Senegal, taking into account the Direct Normal Irradiation, the availability of water, space and biomass potential. The identified sites have a DNI > 1600 kWh/m2/year. The biogas production capacity is equivalent to 5,096,563 m3/year. The quantity of Typha Australis, invasive plant in Senegal river valley available is estimated at more than 3 million tons. The capacity of electrical energy in this zone is estimated at 6.89 GWe for an installation surface estimated at 275.61 km2. The establishment of CSP/hybrid plants can also contribute to combat the proliferation of Typha Australis.
文摘Absorption chillers are cooling units usually powered by renewable energy or waste heat.Their performance generally depends on the temperatures of the heat source,the ambient and the medium to be cooled.The present work deals with the thermodynamic study of a 10 kW NH3/H2O absorption machine in order to find the COP(coefficient of performance).The first and second laws of thermodynamics were used for the operating conditions.The thermodynamic properties of the NH3/H2O mixture were determined using the EES(Engineering Equation Solver)software.The results of the simulation of the machine were validated with the results of the literature.After validation,the program was used to simulate a 10-kW NH3/H2O absorption machine for milk conservation/cold storage in northern Senegal.The simulation results of the 10-kW ammonia-water absorption machine give an acceptable COP of 0.521 with a milk storage temperature of 4°C.
