Iraq is not secure from seismic hazards. Earthquakes are likely to happen and may cause substantial damage. Actually, such hazards were happened and recorded after the last earthquake in November 2017(Halabjah earthqu...Iraq is not secure from seismic hazards. Earthquakes are likely to happen and may cause substantial damage. Actually, such hazards were happened and recorded after the last earthquake in November 2017(Halabjah earthquake). Unfortunately, there is a lack of studies concerns the assessment of the earthquake hazard on the soil in Iraq. The available research efforts directed toward the earthquakes and their effects on bridge piers, and traditional commercial buildings of Iraq. A historical view of earthquakes that struck Iraq was presented in this paper. Evaluation of liquefaction susceptibility of poorly graded sand at the southwest of Baghdad, Iraq was studied considering the last earthquake. The NCEER, 1997 workshop procedure using shear wave velocity was used to evaluate liquefaction susceptibility of soil. The variation of safety factor with depth had been investigated at different earthquake magnitudes and accelerations.The study revealed that the soil had a high tendency to liquefaction if subjected to earthquake magnitudes within the ranges that hit Iraq in November 2017. Large attention should be given to the effect of the earthquake on soil foundation in the future for all engineering project that constructed in Iraq.展开更多
Soil curling is an important phenomenon associated with volume changes induced by increasing soil suction upon desiccation.The study of soil behaviors associated with drying in soils(e.g.soil shrinkage,desiccation cra...Soil curling is an important phenomenon associated with volume changes induced by increasing soil suction upon desiccation.The study of soil behaviors associated with drying in soils(e.g.soil shrinkage,desiccation cracks and curling)has received increasing attention over the last few years,which has been mainly driven by the forecast climate change that will warm up our planet.There are significant gaps in the current knowledge related to the factors that control the development of curling deformations in soils.For this,the curling phenomenon is investigated through laboratory desiccation tests on different mixtures of artificial soils.The effects of soil grain size distribution,mineralogy,soil microstructure,and soil water content on the curling deformation are analyzed.Digital photos were taken at regular time intervals during the tests to understand the volume changes in the soil samples during drying.It is found that soil fabric and soil water content have significant effects on curling scenario.It is observed that the percentage of sand particles and the initial water content play a critical role in the development of soil curling.Samples of pure clayey minerals experienced shrinkage without or with minor curling during drying.展开更多
文摘Iraq is not secure from seismic hazards. Earthquakes are likely to happen and may cause substantial damage. Actually, such hazards were happened and recorded after the last earthquake in November 2017(Halabjah earthquake). Unfortunately, there is a lack of studies concerns the assessment of the earthquake hazard on the soil in Iraq. The available research efforts directed toward the earthquakes and their effects on bridge piers, and traditional commercial buildings of Iraq. A historical view of earthquakes that struck Iraq was presented in this paper. Evaluation of liquefaction susceptibility of poorly graded sand at the southwest of Baghdad, Iraq was studied considering the last earthquake. The NCEER, 1997 workshop procedure using shear wave velocity was used to evaluate liquefaction susceptibility of soil. The variation of safety factor with depth had been investigated at different earthquake magnitudes and accelerations.The study revealed that the soil had a high tendency to liquefaction if subjected to earthquake magnitudes within the ranges that hit Iraq in November 2017. Large attention should be given to the effect of the earthquake on soil foundation in the future for all engineering project that constructed in Iraq.
文摘Soil curling is an important phenomenon associated with volume changes induced by increasing soil suction upon desiccation.The study of soil behaviors associated with drying in soils(e.g.soil shrinkage,desiccation cracks and curling)has received increasing attention over the last few years,which has been mainly driven by the forecast climate change that will warm up our planet.There are significant gaps in the current knowledge related to the factors that control the development of curling deformations in soils.For this,the curling phenomenon is investigated through laboratory desiccation tests on different mixtures of artificial soils.The effects of soil grain size distribution,mineralogy,soil microstructure,and soil water content on the curling deformation are analyzed.Digital photos were taken at regular time intervals during the tests to understand the volume changes in the soil samples during drying.It is found that soil fabric and soil water content have significant effects on curling scenario.It is observed that the percentage of sand particles and the initial water content play a critical role in the development of soil curling.Samples of pure clayey minerals experienced shrinkage without or with minor curling during drying.
